Ka tangohia te tote e te osmosis whakamuri. Ka tangohia hoki ngā mea katoa. He kaha te matū o te wai e puta mai ana i te kiriuhi RO - he pH iti, he pakeke tata-kore, he kawakore tata-kore, me te kaha waikura ka tango i te mata mai i ngā hononga whakarewa me te whakarewa i ngā arai sima mai i ngā paipa tohatoha. I roto i ngā pūnaha takutai moana o Pāniora, i reira ka haere te wai kua tangohia te tote mai i ngā tipu takutai mā roto i ngā whatunga tawhito ki ngā tāone o uta, ehara taua kaha waikura i te ariā. Koinei te take he nui ake te utu tiaki mō ngā pakaru o ngā paipa i roto i ngā pūnaha tohatoha wai kua tangohia te tote i ngā whatunga tuku tuku iho.
Ko te otinga hangarau ko te whakahou i ngā kohuke: werohia te CO₂ kua rewa ki roto i te wai hua hei whakaheke i tōna pH, kātahi ka tukuna mā roto i tētahi hononga kōhatu karāhe, ka tauhohe te CO₂ ki te konupūmā kāponāte hei whakarewa i te konupūmā me te paikāponāte ki roto i te wai. Ko te hua he wai he pakeke me te kawakore kua whakahaeretia - he Langelier Saturation Index pumau e kore e waikura, e piki rānei i ngā pakitara o ngā paipa.
Ko te tere inenga CO₂ te mea e whakahaere ana i ngā mea katoa. He iti rawa te CO₂: ka rewa te konupūmā i te kōhatu, ka noho waikura tonu te wai. He nui rawa te CO₂: ka haere te hau nui i te hononga, kāore i te rerekē, ka uru ki te pūnaha tohatoha, ka heke te pH o te wai i te puna wai - he takahi ture i raro i te Real Decreto 140/2003 o Pāniora (ngā paerewa wai inu, te mōrahi 500 mg/L CO₂). Ko te pūoko CO₂ rewa anake te taputapu e ine ana i te horopeta tuturu i tukuna ki te tukanga, ehara i te horopeta i whakahaua e te papu inenga.
Te Pūoko
Ka whakamahia e te pūoko CO₂ wairewa o Honde he irahiko kiriuhi momo-Severinghaus. Ka horapa te CO₂ mai i te wai tukatuka mā roto i te kiriuhi uru-hau ki roto i te ārai ā-roto, ka puta he huringa pH ka hurihia e te irahiko hei pānui kukū. He mea motuhake te ine ki te CO₂ wairewa — kāore e aro ki te paikāpōnate, te kāpōnate, tetahi atu momo wairewa rānei.
| Whakatakotoranga | Uara |
|---|---|
| Te kaupapa ine | Irahiko kiriuhi Severinghaus |
| Awhe CO₂ | 0–2,000 ppm (0–2 g/L) |
| Te tika | ±3% FS |
| Whakataunga | 0.01 ppm |
| Whakautu pāmahana | Aunoa, 0–50°C |
| Putanga | RS485 Modbus-RTU / 4–20 mA |
| Ahokore | GPRS / 4G / WiFi / LoRa / LoRaWAN |
| Whare noho | 316L te maitai kore waikura, IP68 |
Ko te whakatikatika pāmahana aunoa te whakatakotoranga matua mō te tango tote i roto i te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa o Pāniora. Ka rerekē te pāmahana wai hua mai i te 16°C i te takurua ki te 28°C i te raumati — he pikinga 12°C e puta ai he hapa 12–15% i roto i te ine CO₂ rewa kāore i whakatikatikaina. Ko ngā ture wai inu Pāniora e hiahia ana kia inehia ngā taumata CO₂ i te pūwāhi tohatoha, kei te pāmahana taiao. Ko te pūoko kua whakatikatikaina i te 20°C e pānui ana i te wai hua raumati i te 28°C ka nui ake te ihirangi CO₂ mā te 15% — he nui hei whakaoho i te whakaoho teitei teka i te tipu inenga paerewa. Ka whakakorehia e te whakatikatika pāmahana tēnei rerekētanga ā-wā.
Te Whirihoranga o te Tukanga Whai Muri i te Maimoatanga
I tētahi tipu SWRO (RO wai moana) Pāniora, e rua ngā pūwāhi ine e tāutahia ana te pūoko CO₂ whakarewa:
Pūtake 1: Putanga inenga CO₂kei raro iho i te pane werohanga CO₂, kei runga ake i ngā hononga pākawa waro. Ka whakaū te pūoko i te kukū tuturu o te CO₂ rewa i mua i te urunga o te wai ki te moenga pākawa waro. Ka rerekē te putanga papu inenga me te CO₂ rewa tuturu ina rerekē te pēhanga tuku CO₂, ina neke rānei te taurite pēhanga wāhanga o te wai — ngā huihuinga kāore e kitea e te kaiwhakahaere papu inenga. Ka kitea tonutia e te pūoko.
Pūwāhi 2: Pane putanga / pane tohatoha o te honongai muri i ngā hononga pākawa kōhatu. Ka ine te pūoko i te CO₂ rewa toenga i roto i te wai kua oti, hei whakaū kua pau te CO₂ i te tauhohenga pākawa kōhatu i roto i te awhe ture. Koinei te pūwāhi ine mō te tutuki i ngā whakaritenga.
| Pūwāhi ine tukanga | Mahi pūoko | Paepae ture |
|---|---|---|
| Putanga inenga CO₂ | Whakaū i te horopeta tuturu me te horopeta kua whakahaua | Kāore he paepae tika; ka akiaki i te mana whakahaere PID |
| Pūtake whakapā/tohatoha | Ine i te tutuki i ngā whakaritenga | < 500 mg/L CO₂ (Real Decreto 140/2003) |
Te Hanganga Otinga
Taumata 1 — Ngā taputapu tipuKa hono ngā pūoko e rua ki te whatunga whakahaere tukanga o te tipu mā te RS485 Modbus-RTU. Ka whakaatuhia ngā pūwāhi ine e rua i te wā kotahi e tētahi Pūtiro Raraunga me te mata i roto i te rūma whakahaere tipu — te kukū CO₂ inenga me te toenga wai kua oti — me te kauwhata ia au mō ngā rā 30. Ka manatokohia e te kaiwhakahaere tipu ia pūoko ia marama ki tētahi tohutoro Ringa: he tauira hopu ka tātarihia ki tētahi mita CO₂ kawe, ka whakaritea ki te pānui kua tāutahia.
Taumata 2 — TukungaKa tukuna e ngā pūoko tipu mā te GPRS, 4G, WiFi rānei ki te whatunga SCADA pokapū o te kamupene wai. Mō ngā tipu amiorangi i ngā Moutere Canary me ngā teihana takutai tawhiti i Almería me Murcia kei reira he iti noa te hononga WAN motuhake, ka tukuna e LoRaWAN ngā raraunga ki te pokapū mahi ā-rohe o te kamupene. Ka whakapūtāhia ngā raraunga katoa ki te hōputu MQTT Json, e whāngai ana i te kaiwhakahaere PID ā-rohe o te tipu me te tūāpapa aroturuki kounga wai pokapū o te kamupene.
Taumata 3 — Mana kapua me te inengaKa whakakotahi te tūmau Kapua me te pūmanawa i ngā raraunga CO₂ wairewa mai i ngā tipu tango tote katoa e aroturukitia ana, e whakaatu ana i ngā raraunga wā-tūturu me ngā raraunga hītori puta noa i te whatunga maimoatanga o te ratonga. Ka mahi te pūnaha tātaitai Whakaoho i runga i te paepae tutuki: ina neke atu te CO₂ putanga-whakapā i te 450 mg/L — 50 mg/L i raro i te rohe ture — ka whakatūpato te tātaitai i te kaiwhakahaere nekehanga me te tohu i te kaupapa mō te pūrongo tutuki ā-hauwhā. Ka tīmata te tātaitai tuarua i te pūoko putanga-ine ina heke te CO₂ i raro i te kukū whāngai-whakapā iti rawa, hei whakatūpato i te kaiwhakahaere kei te kore e ranea te CO₂ e tae atu ana ki te moenga kōhatu.
Ngā Hua o te Marae: Te Whare Hanga SWRO o te Takutai Moana o te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa, Murcia, Pāniora, 2026
I te marama o Hānuere 2026, i tāutahia e te tipu SWRO i Murcia e mahi ana ki te 180,000 ngā kaihoko o te tāone ngā pūoko Honde CO₂ whakarewa ki ngā pūwāhi ine e rua, hei whakakapi i te tikanga o mua o te whakamātautau ā-ringa i te CO₂ hopu-tauira e rua i ia huringa.
- • Pūmārō:E 2 ngā pūoko CO₂ whakarewa mō ia tereina maimoatanga (4 ngā tereina = 8 ngā pūoko katoa), RS485 ki te PLC tipu, 4G ki te SCADA ratonga.
- • Rohe:Pūhiko raraunga me te mata i roto i te rūma whakahaere; Manatoko mita ringaringa ia marama.
- • Kapua:MQTT Json ki te tūāpapa kounga pokapū o te ratonga.
- • Whakaoho:450 mg/L te tānga CO₂ teitei; te tānga putanga-hohenga iti rawa mō ia tereina.
| Ine | Te tūāpapa hopu-tauira (2025) | Pūoko CO₂ ā-roto (2026) |
|---|---|---|
| Te nui haere o te CO₂ wai kua oti te whakapūmau (>500 mg/L) | 7 | 0 |
| Kāore i kitea ngā hapa o te papu horopeta >2 hāora | 9 | 0 |
| Ngā pikinga pH i te tomokanga tohatoha | 23 | 4 |
| Te utu matū inenga CO₂ (kua tātaitia) | 100% | 87% |
| Ngā tātaritanga taiwhanga CO₂ ā-ringa ia marama | 720 | 72 (manatoko anake) |
- Ko ngā pikinga CO₂ e whitu i roto i te wai kua oti te mahi i tuhia i te tau 2025 — he huihuinga ture ia e hiahia ana kia whakamōhiotia ki te Manatū Hauora o Pāniora — i heke ki te kore i roto i ngā marama tuatahi e whitu o te mahi taputapu. I hopukina e te pūnaha tuku whakaoho e toru ngā pikinga tīmatanga i te paepae 450 mg/L, ā, i whakatūpato i te kaiwhakahaere huringa, nāna i whakatika te tere horopeta CO₂ i mua i te pānga o te pūwāhi wai kua oti.
- E iwa ngā pakaru o te papu inenga i te tau 2025 kāore i kitea mō ngā haora neke atu i te 2 i mua i te kitenga o ngā whakamātautau tauira hopu - nā te mea i whakaatu te tohu whakahaere o te papu i te "haere" i te mea i aukati te takirere piri i te tukunga CO₂. I kitea e te pūoko ā-roto i te putanga inenga ia huihuinga ōrite i te wā 2026 i roto i te 2 meneti o te tīmatanga o te pakaru, ā, ka whakaoho tonu ia i te whakaoho whakawhiti.
- I heke te utu inenga CO₂ i te 13% — nā te takahuri urupare ā-roto i āhei te tipu ki te whakawhāiti i te pūwāhi inenga mai i te 280 mg/L ki te 240 mg/L i te putanga inenga, me te whakakore i te tawhā haumaru i whakakapi i te koretake o te tauira hopu rua-nekehanga.
- Kua whakaitihia ngā tātaritanga CO₂ ā-ringa mai i te 720 ki te 72 ia marama — ka whakahaerehia e ngā pūoko ā-roto te aroturukitanga tonu o ngā whakaritenga; ka whakaratohia e ngā tauira hopu ā-marama te ara arotake manatoko.
Whakapā atu ki a Honde Technology mō te Aroturukitanga Maimoatanga Wai
He kaihanga kua whakamanahia e te TUV me te Alibaba a Honde Technology. Ka whakaratohia e mātou ngā taputapu ine CO₂ kua whakarewaina, te hangarau membrane Severinghaus, me te telemetry whakahaere-tukanga e hiahiatia ana mō ngā whare maimoatanga wai e whakahaerehia ana i raro i ngā herenga CO₂ ture.
Mō ētahi atu pārongo mō ngā pūoko me ngā otinga IoT kua whakaritea, whakapā atu ki a Honde Technology Co., LTD.
- Waeaatu: +86-15210548582
- Īmēra: info@hondetech.com
- Paetukutuku Kamupene: www.hondetechco.com
Te Mahere Tono puta noa i ngā Mākete Whakakore Tote me te Maimoatanga Wai kua Whakawhanakehia
Ko te pūoko CO₂ wairewa mō te whakahaere i te whakahounga o ngā kohuke he whakaritenga e tohaina ana puta noa i ngā whenua katoa e whakahaere ana i te tango tote SWRO i te tauine ā-tāone. Ko ngā tipu Sorek me Hadera o Iharaira — ngā whare SWRO nui rawa atu o te ao — e whakahaere ana i te aroturukitanga CO₂ wairewa tonu i ā rātou hononga kōhatu. Ko ngā tipu tango tote wai moana o Perth (SWDP) o Ahitereiria me te whare Kurnell o Sydney e tohu ana i ngā pūoko CO₂ ā-roto hei wāhanga o ngā taputapu hanganga ture. Ko te whatunga tango tote o Algarve o Potukara, i whānui ake i muri i te tauraki 2022–2025, e hiahia ana kia aroturukitia te CO₂ i ia putanga hononga. Ko Kaiperu me Malta, kei reira te tango tote e whakarato ana i te neke atu i te 50% o te tuku wai inu, e whakamahi ana i ngā pūoko CO₂ wairewa hei taputapu hanganga ture matua mō ā rātou whatunga tohatoha. Ka hono ia tipu ki te whakaritenga pūoko kotahi: te hiko membrane Severinghaus, te utu pāmahana aunoa, me te putanga RS485/MQTT — te whakaritenga e kati ana i te porowhita whakahaere inenga e kore e taea e te tauira hopu ā-ringa.
Wā tuku: 25 o Ākuhata-2026