1. Kupu Whakataki: Aroturuki Aratau-Rua Tika-Teitei
An pūnaha aroturuki irahiko ā-rā aunoahe otinga taputapu aratau-rua e whakauru ana i ngā pūoko irahiko tika me ngā pūoko irahiko horapa me te arorau ara e hangai ana ki te GPS hei whakatutukiISO 9060:2018paerewa. Mā te pupuri i te aronga poutū ki te rā, ka whakakorea e ēnei pūnaha ngā hapa urupare cosine me te whakarato i teraraunga puteae hiahiatia ana mō ngā kaupapa pūngao rā nui. Mō ngā kaihangarau i te tau 2026, ko ēnei aroturuki te paearu mō te arotauTe Whai Hua o te Pūngao Whakaahuame te tika o te matawhenua.
2. He aha te Hiranga o te Aroturuki Tika i roto i te Aroturukitanga o te Rā
I roto i te taiao nui o te pūngao rā o te tau 2026, kāore e ranea ngā pūoko pūmau tuku iho. Te whakatutuki i te mōrahiTe Whai Hua o te Pūngao Whakaahua, inā koa i roto iAroturuki PV kanohi-ruangā rarangi, me mārama tika ki ngāTe Aroturuki i te Ara o te Rāara
Ina noho pūmau te pūoko, ka kore e taea te hopu i te kaha katoa oTe Āraitanga Noa Tika (DNI)Mā ngā taputapu aroturuki aratau-rua tino tika ka whakatauhia tēnei mā te whakarite kia noho poutū te hihi o te rā ki te hononga wera o te pūoko, ka whakaputa i te kaha hiko mōrahi. Hei tāpiri, mā te wehe i teTe Āraitanga Whakapae Marara (DHI)puta noa i tētahi2π tohu steradiantirohanga whānui mā te whakamahi i ngā pōro atarangi tukutahi, ka whakaratohia e te pūnaha ngā taurangi e rua e tika ana hei tatauTe Āraitanga Whakapae o te Ao (GHI):
- Te Irahiko Katoa (GHI) = Te Irahiko Tika (DNI) + Te Irahiko Marara/Hora (DHI)
3. Wehenga Hangarau: Arorau Aratau-Rua me te Tika Mīhini
Ka whakamahia e ngā pūnaha hou tētahi arorau whakahaere "Aratau-Rua" e whakakotahi ana i ngā tātaitanga whetū me te urupare pūoko wā-tūturu hei whakatutuki i te tika iti iho i te taumata.
GPS me te Aunoatanga Ara o te Rā
Kei roto i te aroturuki he kaiwhiwhi GPS whakauru e hopu aunoa ana i te roa, te whānui, me te wā UTC ā-rohe. Mā tēnei ka taea e te tukatuka ā-roto te tatau i tekoki hekenga o te rāme te ara haere me te kore he mana rorohiko o waho. Ko tētahi āhuatanga nui o tēnei pūnaha ko te "Kore Whakaemi"—ka hoki aunoa te kaitātari ki te kore tika i ia ahiahi kia kore ai e nui haere ngā hapa miihini i roto i te wā.
Tauira Whakaahua-Hiko Whā-Whā
Hei whakapai ake i te whakarārangi i tua atu i te ara ariā, ka whakamahia e te pūnaha ngā pūoko photodiode e whā-haurua. Mā tēnei ka whakaratohia he tauira photoelectric wā-tūturu o te kōpae rā, ka akiaki i tētahi motuka stepper taipana-teitei (e mahi ana i roto i te 1/8 hikoinga) hei pupuri i ngā pūoko kia mau tonu i roto i te±0.3° ki te 0.5°te taha, ahakoa ngā panonitanga o te rangi.
Hanganga Whatu Matatau
He mahi tino pai te pūoko irahiko tika i hangaia hei whakakore i te haruru:
- Te Whakatuwheratanga o te Pūwero:E whitu ngā kōhao ā-roto e tautuhi ana i te tino tikaKoki whakatuwheratanga 4°, e whakaiti ana i ngā whakaata ā-roto me te aueue o te hau.
- Matapihi Āhuahira:Ka tiakina te huānga e te pereti karāhe kuata JGS3, ka taea ai te whakawhiti i ngā roangaru irahiko mai i0.27 ki te 3.2 μm (280–3000 nm)kia haere mā roto me te 50% o te whakawhiti i ngā rohe.
- Te Matua o te Thermopile:Ka mimiti te mata pūoko pango-mātotoru i te irahiko e pā mai ana, ka hanga he rerekētanga pāmahana e whakaputa ana i te putanga ngaohiko pumau.
4. Ngā Whakatakotoranga Hangarau mō te Hoko Pakihi-Tukutuku
He mea nui ēnei raraunga mō ngā aromatawai papaanga hangarau me te whakaurunga SCADA.
| Tawhā | Whakatakotoranga | Uara / Taipitopito Hangarau |
|---|---|---|
| Te Aroturuki Tika | Tawhā Tika | ±0.3° ki te ±0.5° (Teitei te tika) |
| Awhe Whānui | Te Kapinga Roangaru | 280–3000 nm (0.27 ki te 3.2 μm) |
| Te aro nui | Whakautu Putanga | 7~14μV/Wm⁻² |
| Te Tika o te Ine | Whakatakotoranga Paerewa | < 2% (Ine Paerewa) |
| Te Pūmautanga ā-Tau | Te Auau Huringa Tairongo | ±1.5% ki te ±5% (Taumata B / Akomanga Tuatahi) |
| Ngā Koki Hurihanga | Teitei me te Azimuth | Teitei: -5° ki te 120° / Azim: 0° ki te 350° |
| Wā Whakautu | 95% te Auau Whakautu | < 10 hēkona |
| Taiao Whakahaere | Awhe Pāmahana | -30°C ki te +60°C (tae atu ki te 100% RH) |
| Ngā Tohu Putanga | Ngā Kawa Whakawhitiwhiti Kōrero | Modbus RTUmā te RS485, 4-20mA, 0-20mV |
| Pūtake Hiko | Tautoko Ngaohiko Takirua | DC 12V–20V (Āheinga tuku rua) |
5. Ngā Wāhanga Matua o te Pūnaha Aroturuki Whakauru
Mā te teihana kua rite mō te tau 2026 (e whakaaturia ana i roto i tā mātou "Raupapa Aroturuki PV") ka whakauruhia te aroturuki ki roto i tētahi pūnaha whānui o ngā pūoko huarere:
- Pūoko Irahiko Tika:He ine irirangi ngongo whaiti mō te ine i te mata o te rā poutū.
- Pūoko Irahiko Horapa:He pōro ārai rā kei roto, me te pyranometer kei runga i te paepae hei mimiti i te irahiko porowhita me te ārai i te kōpae rā tika.
- Kaiwhakahaere RS485:He pū pokapū ā-wai, ā-tinana hoki mō te whakahiato raraunga me ngā tauranga motuhake mō te aroturuki me ngā pūoko.
- Ngā taputapu whakairi:Kei roto he turanga tāutanga taumaha me te "Tohu Raki", te taumata mirumiru, mePūtu-U/taura whakairingā kete mō te whakaritenga motuhake ki te pae.
- Huinga Pūoko Whānui:Kua hangaia te pūnaha kia honoa ki tētahiKaiwhakaahua Rangi Katoa, Te Aroturukitanga o te Puehungā pūoko (mō te ngaronga paru),Ngā ine whakarara, meNgā Teihana Huarere Kiato(Hau/T&H).
6. EEAT: Te Tāutanga Tohunga me te Haumaru Whakahaere
E whakaatu ana ngā raraunga mara mai i ngā whakaurunga o te tau 2024-2025 ko ngā hapa matua o te aroturuki i te hiko o te rā e pā ana ki ngā hapa tāutanga ā-tinana, kaua ki ngā hapa pūmanawa.
7. Ngā Whakamahinga Kanorau i roto i te Rangahau Ao
8. Whakamutunga me te CTA Rautaki
Kāore e taea te whakawhiti ki tētahi pūnaha aroturuki pūngao-rā aunoa mō ngā kaupapa e hiahia anaRaraunga PeekeMā te whakauru i te ara e peia ana e te GPS me te whakatikatika hiko-whakaahua, ka whakarite ngā pūnaha Honde kia tutuki i ō inenga hihi o te rā ngā paerewa ISO 9060 tino pakari.
Wā tuku: Mei-07-2026