He mea nui te whakamahinga o ngā pūoko kounga wai mō ngā mahi ahuwhenua ika matatau, matatau hoki o ēnei rā. Mā ēnei ka taea te aroturuki tonu i ngā tawhā wai matua i te wā tūturu, ā, ka āwhina i ngā kaimahi pāmu ki te tautuhi wawe i ngā take me te mahi i ngā mahi, ā, mā reira ka whakaitihia ngā mōrearea me te whakapai ake i te hua me te whai hua.
Kei raro nei ngā momo pūoko kounga wai matua e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i te mahi ahuwhenua, me ō rātou āhuatanga me ngā horopaki tono.
I. Tirohanga Whānui o ngā Pūoko Kounga Wai Matua
| Ingoa Pūoko | Tawhā Matua i Inehia | Ngā Āhuatanga Matua | Ngā horopaki tono noa |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pūoko Hāora Whakarewa | Te Kukū o te Hāora Whakarewa (DO) | - Ko te oranga o te mahi ahuwhenua ika, te mea tino nui. - Me whakatikatika me te tiaki i ia wā. - E rua ngā momo matua: Whatu (kāore he mea e pau ana, he iti te tiaki) me te Irahiko/Kiriata (tūturu, me whakakapi te kiriata me te irahiko). | - Te aroturukitanga ā-wā tonu, 24/7, hei ārai i te putanga ake o ngā ika ki te mata me te whakamomori. - Te hono atu ki ngā pūwero hau mō te whakapūngao hāora atamai, te penapena pūngao. - Ngā roto wai kiato-rahi, Ngā Pūnaha Whakatipu Ika Anō-Ata (RAS). |
| Pūoko pH | Te waikawa/te kawakore (pH) | - Ka pā ki te āhua o te tinana me te hurihanga o ngā paitini. - He pumau te uara engari he pānga roa ō ngā panonitanga. - Me whakatikatika auau. | - Te aro turuki i te pumau o te pH hei karo i te ahotea. - He mea tino nui i muri i te paninga raima, i te wā rānei e puāwai ana te rimurimu. - Ngā momo ahuwhenua katoa, inā koa mō ngā momo pāmu e pāngia ana e te pH pērā i te kōura me te pāpaka i te wā e tipu ana. |
| Pūoko Pāmahana | Te pāmahana wai | - Hangarau pakari, utu iti, pono teitei. - Ka pā ki te DO, ngā tere o te pākia o te tinana, me te mahi a ngā huakita. - He wāhanga turanga tēnei o ngā whakamātautau maha-tawhā. | - Te aro turuki i ia rā hei ārahi i te auau o te whāngai (he iti ake te whāngai i te pāmahana iti, he nui ake i te pāmahana tiketike). - Te ārai i te ahotea mai i ngā piki me ngā heke nui o te pāmahana i ngā huringa o te wā. - Ngā āhuatanga ahuwhenua katoa, inā koa i roto i ngā whare kati kōtuhi me ngā whare whakatipu tipu ā-rohe (RAS). |
| Pūoko Haukini | Te Kukū o te Haukini Katoa / te Kukū o te Haukini Kua Whakakāhia | - Te aroturuki paitini matua, e whakaata tika ana i ngā taumata parahanga. - He paepae hangarau teitei ake, he utu nui. - Me āta tiaki me te whakatikatika. | - He whakatūpato mō te hekenga o te kounga o te wai i roto i ngā ahurea kiato nui. - Te aromatawai i te whai huatanga o ngā tātari koiora (i roto i te RAS). - Te mahi pāmu kōura, te whakatupu ika whai hua, te RAS. |
| Pūoko Nitrite | Te Kukū o te Nitrite | - "Whakakaha" o te paitini haukini, tino paitini. - Mā te aroturukitanga ipurangi ka whakatūpato wawe. - Me mahi tiaki auau hoki. | - Whakamahia tahi me ngā pūoko haukini hei tātaritanga i te hauora o te pūnaha haukini. - He mea tino nui i muri i te hurihanga ohorere o te wai hei pōuri, i muri rānei i te whakawhiti wai. |
| Pūoko Tote/Arahi Aroturuki | Uara Tote, Uara Ārahi rānei | - E whakaata ana i te kukū katoa o te katote i roto i te wai. - He mea nui mō te mahi ahuwhenua wai māori me te mahi ahuwhenua moana. - Pūmau, kāore e nui te tiaki. | - Te whakarite i te wai moana horihori i roto i ngā whare whakatupu hua. - Te aroturuki i ngā panoni ohorere o te tote i te ua nui, i te rerenga mai rānei o te wai māori. - Te mahi pāmu i ngā momo euryhaline pērā i te kōura vannamei, te pāpaka, me te harore. |
| Pūoko Pūwero/Totoka Whakatārewatia | Te Pōuri o te Wai | - E whakaata ana i te momona o te wai me te nui o ngā matūriki iri. - Āwhina ki te aromatawai i te matotoru o te rimurimu me te nui o te paru. | - Te aromatawai i te nui o ngā kai ora (he pai pea te paru taurite). - Te aro turuki i ngā pānga mai i te rerenga wai ua, i te ngangau rānei o te raro. - Te ārahi i te whakawhiti wai, te whakamahi rānei i ngā mea whakapūkara wai. |
| Pūoko ORP | Pūmanawa Whakaiti-Waikura | - E whakaata ana i te "kaha purenga-ā-roto" o te wai me te taumata waikura whānui. - He tohu whānui. | - I roto i te RAS, hei whakatau i te horopeta tika o te ozone. - Te aromatawai i te parahanga o te oneone i raro i te whenua; ko ngā uara iti e tohu ana i ngā āhuatanga pirau, kāore e ora ana. |
II. He Whakamārama Taipitopito mō ngā Pūoko Kī
1. Pūoko Hāora Whakarewa
- Ngā Āhuatanga:
- Tikanga Whatu: He whānui o nāianei. Ka ine i te roanga o te hihi-ā-rangi hei tatau i te DO; kāore e pau te hāora, kāore e hiahiatia he kiriuhi, he irahiko rānei, he roa ngā huringa tiaki me te pumau pai.
- Tikanga Hiko (Polarographic/Galvanic): Hangarau tuku iho. Me whakakapi i ia wā te kiriuhi me te hikohiko e uru ana ki te hāora; ka puhoi pea te urupare nā te poke o te kiriuhi, engari he iti ake te utu.
- Ngā Horopaki: He mea nui i roto i ngā mahi ahuwhenua ika katoa. Ina koa i te pō me te ata pō ina mutu te hanga o te rauropi engari ka haere tonu te manawa, ka heke te DO ki tōna taumata iti rawa; he mea nui ngā pūoko mō te whakatūpato me te whakahohe i ngā taputapu whakapūngao hau.
2. Pūoko pH
- Ngā Āhuatanga: He karāhe hiko e pāngia ana e ngā iona hauwai. Me noho ma te pūangi hiko, ā, me whakatikatika auau me ngā otinga parepare paerewa (te tikanga whakatikatika ira-rua).
- Ngā horopaki:
- Te Mahi Pāmu Kōura: Ka taea e ngā piki me ngā heke o te pH o ia rā (>0.5) te whakakorikori i te kiri mā te ahotea. Ka nui ake te paitini o te haukini i te pH teitei.
- Te Whakahaere i te Rimu: Ko te pH teitei tonu he tohu i te tipu nui rawa o te rimu (hei tauira, te puāwaitanga), me wawao.
3. Ngā Pūoko Haukini me te Nitrite
- Ngā Āhuatanga: He hua paitini ngā mea e rua o te pakaru o ngā para hauota. Ko ngā pūoko ipurangi e whakamahi ana i ngā tikanga ine tae, i ngā irahiko whiriwhiri-katote rānei. He tika ake te ine tae engari me whakakapi pea i ngā matū i ia wā.
- Ngā horopaki:
- Ngā Pūnaha Whakatipu Ika Anō (RAS): Ngā tawhā aroturuki matua mō te aromatawai wā-tūturu i te whai huatanga o te whakangao waikawa koiora.
- Ngā Wā Whāngai Tino Pai: Mā te whāngai nui ka tere te pikinga o te haukini me te nitrite mai i te para; mā te aroturuki ipurangi ka puta he raraunga inamata hei ārahi i te whakaiti i te whāngai, i te whakawhiti wai rānei.
4. Ngā Teihana Aroturuki Kounga Wai Maha-Tauwhā
I roto i ngā mahi ahuwhenua nui o ēnei rā, ka whakauruhia ngā pūoko kua whakahuatia ake nei ki roto i tētahi tirotiro kounga wai maha-tawhā, i tētahi teihana aroturuki ipurangi rānei. Ka tukuna e ēnei pūnaha ngā raraunga mā te kore ahokore mā tētahi kaiwhakahaere ki te kapua, ki tētahi taupānga pūkoro rānei, ka taea ai te aroturuki mamao, te wā-tūturu me te whakahaere atamai (hei tauira, te whakahohenga aunoa o ngā pūwero hau).
III. Whakarāpopototanga o te Horopaki Taupānga
- Ahurea o te Puna Oneone Tuku Iho:
- Ngā Pūoko Matua: Hāora Wairewa, pH, Pāmahana.
- Tūranga: Ārai i te whakahekenga nui o te hāora ("te matenga o ngā ika"), ārahi i te whakahaere o ia rā (te whāngai, te whakarerekētanga wai). Ko te whirihoranga tino taketake me te iti o te utu.
- Te Ahurea Kaha-Kiato / (hei tauira, Te Ahurea Tāke Kanawe):
- Ngā Pūoko Matua: Hāora Wairewa, Haukini, Nitrite, pH, Mahana.
- Tūranga: Nā te nui o ngā kararehe ka tere te pirau o te wai; me aro turuki tonu i ngā taumata paitini kia tere ai te wawaotanga.
- Ngā Pūnaha Whakatipu Ika Anō (RAS):
- Ngā Pūoko Matua: Ngā mea katoa o runga ake nei, tae atu ki te ORP me te Turbidity.
- Tūranga: Ngā "kanohi" o te pūnaha. Ko ngā raraunga mai i ngā pūoko katoa te pūtake mō te pūnaha whakahaere porowhita-katia, e whakahaere aunoa ana i ngā tātari koiora, ngā kaitātari pūmua, te inenga ozone, me ētahi atu, kia mau ai te mahi.
- Ngā Whare Whakatō (Te Whakatipu Toro):
- Ngā Pūoko Matua: Te Pāmahana, te Tote, te pH, te Hāora Wairewa.
- Tūranga: He tino tairongo ngā torongū ki ngā piki me ngā heke o te kounga wai; me pupuri tonu he taiao tino pumau, tino pai hoki.
Tohutohu Kōwhiringa me te Whakamahinga
- Pono i te Utu: He hononga tika te raraunga kounga wai ki te angitu. Kōwhiria ngā waitohu rongonui me ngā hangarau matatau.
- He mea nui te tiaki: Ahakoa ngā pūoko pai rawa atu, me whakatikatika me te horoi i ia wā. He mea nui te whakarite i tētahi kaupapa tiaki pakari mō te tika o ngā raraunga.
- Whirihorahia kia rite ki te Hiahia: Tīpakohia ngā pūoko e tino hiahiatia ana i runga i tō tauira ahuwhenua, momo, me te kiato; kāore he take ki te whai i tētahi huinga katoa kāore he take.
Hei whakarāpopototanga, ko ngā pūoko kounga wai ngā "kaitiaki raro i te wai" mō ngā kaimahi ahumoana. Ka whakamāorihia e rātou ngā huringa kounga wai e kore e kitea ki ngā raraunga ka taea te pānui, hei taputapu nui mō te mahi ahuwhenua pūtaiao, te whakahaere tika, me te mōrearea ka taea te whakahaere.
Ka taea hoki e mātou te whakarato i ngā momo otinga mō
1. Mita ringaringa mō te kounga wai maha-tawhā
2. Pūnaha Puai Mānu mō te kounga wai maha-taumata
3. Paraihe horoi aunoa mō te pūoko wai maha-tawhā
4. He huinga katoa o ngā tūmau me te pūmanawa ahokore, e tautoko ana i te RS485 GPRS /4g/WIFI/LORA/LORAWAN
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Wā tuku: Oketopa-14-2025