1. Te whakamaramatanga hangarau me nga mahi matua
Ko te Soil Sensor he taputapu mohio e aro turuki ana i nga tawhā taiao o te oneone i roto i te waa tuuturu ma nga tikanga tinana, matū ranei. Ko nga waahanga aroturuki matua ko:
Te aro turuki i te wai: Te Ihirangi wai Volumetric (VWC), te kaha matrix (kPa)
Āhuatanga ā-tinana me te matū: Te kawe hiko (EC), te pH, te kaha REDOX (ORP)
Te tātari matūkai: Te hauota, te ūkuikui me te pāhare pāporo (NPK), te kukū o te matū waro
Tawhā Thermodynamic: kōtaha pāmahana oneone (0-100cm ine rōnaki)
Tohu koiora: Te mahi moroiti (te reanga manawa CO₂)
Tuarua, te wetewete i te hangarau tairongo auraki
Pūoko makuku
Momo TDR (whakamaramatanga rohe wa) : te ine i te wa whakatohanga ngaru hiko (tika ±1%, awhe 0-100%)
Momo FDR (whakaata huritao rohe auau) : Te puritanga whakaaheitanga (he iti te utu, me whakarite kia rite)
Te tirotiro i te neutron: te tatau neutron whakaōrite i te hauwai (te tika o te karaehe taiwhanga, me whai whakaaetanga iraruraru)
Te rangahau hiato tawhā-maha
5-i-1 pūoko: Makuku +EC+ pāmahana +pH+ Nitrogen (te parenga IP68, te parenga waikura-tote-waikawa)
Pūoko tūrorohiko: Tata infrared (NIR) i roto i te waahi rapunga o te matū waro (te rohe kitenga 0.5%)
Te pakaruhanga hangarau hou
Waro nanotube electrode: EC taumira inenga ake ki te 1μS/cm
Te maramara microfluidic: 30 hēkona ki te whakaoti i te kitenga tere o te hauota pākawa
Tuatoru, nga ahuatanga tono ahumahi me te uara raraunga
1. Te whakahaere tika mo te ahuwhenua atamai (Maara witi i Iowa, USA)
Kaupapa tuku:
Kotahi te teihana aro turuki i ia 10 heketea (20/50/100cm nga taumata-toru)
Whatunga ahokore (LoRaWAN, tawhiti tuku 3km)
Whakatau mohio:
Te keu irrigation: Tīmatahia te whakamakuku whakamakuku ina VWC<18% ki te 40cm te hohonu
Te whakakikiritanga taurangi: Te whakatikatika hihiko o te tono hauota i runga i te rereketanga uara EC o ±20%
Raraunga painga:
He 28% te penapena wai, ka piki te reiti whakamahi hauota 35%
He pikinga 0.8 tone kanga mo ia heketea
2. Te aro turuki i te mana o te koraha (Sahara Fringe Ecological Restoration Project)
huānga pūoko:
Aroturuki tepu wai (piezoresistive, awhe 0-10MPa)
Aroturuki i mua o te tote (te tirotiro EC kiato teitei me te mokowhiti hiko 1mm)
Tauira whakatupato wawe:
Taurangi whakakorahako =0.4×(EC>4dS/m)+0.3×(mea pararopi <0.6%)+0.3×(he ihirangi wai <5%)
Te mana whakahaere:
I piki ake te kapi o nga otaota mai i te 12% ki te 37%
62% te whakahekenga o te tote o te mata
3. Whakatupato aituā whenua (Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan Landslide Monitoring Network)
Pūnaha aroturuki:
Rikitanga o roto: pore water pressure sensor (awhe 0-200kPa)
Te nekenga o te mata: MEMS dipmeter (taumira 0.001°)
Whakatupato wawe algorithm:
Te ua tino nui: te waiwai o te oneone >85% me te ua o ia haora>30mm
Te tere o te nekehanga: 3 haora karapīpiti > 5mm/h te whakaoho whero whero
Hua whakatinanatanga:
E toru nga horo whenua i whakatupato angitu i te tau 2021
I whakaitihia te wa urupare ohorere ki te 15 meneti
4. Te whakatikatika i nga waahi kua poke (Te maimoatanga o nga konganuku taumaha i Ruhr Industrial Zone, Germany)
Kaupapa rapunga:
XRF Fluorescence pūoko: Lead/cadmium/Arsenic in situ detection (ppm tika)
Ko te mekameka e taea ana e REDOX: Te aro turuki i nga tikanga whakatikatika koiora
Mana mohio:
Ka whakahohehia te Phytoremediation ina heke te kukū arsenic ki raro i te 50ppm
Ina he> 200mV te kaha, ko te werohanga o te kaituku irahiko ka whakatairanga i te paheketanga moroiti
Raraunga whakahaere:
I whakaitihia te parahanga mata ma te 92%
Kua heke te huringa whakatika e 40%
4. Te ia kunenga hangarau
Whakaiti me te huinga
Ko nga puoro Nanowire (<100nm te whanui) ka taea te tirotiro i te rohe pakiaka tipu kotahi
He kiri hiko ngawari (300% totoro) HE WHAKARANGA ki te paheketanga o te oneone
Te whakakotahitanga perceptual multimodal
Hurihurihia te kakano oneone ma te ngaru oro me te kawe hiko
Te inenga o te hiko o te wai (tika ±5%)
Ka peia e AI nga tātaritanga mohio
Ko nga whatunga neural convolutional e tautuhi i nga momo oneone (98% tika)
Ko nga mahanga matihiko ka whakatauira i te hekenga matūkai
5. Nga take tono angamaheni: Kaupapa whakamarumaru whenua pango i te Rawhiti o Haina
Whatunga aroturuki:
100,000 huinga pūoko kapi i te 5 miriona eka o nga whenua paamu
He papaa raraunga 3D o te "makuku, hua me te kiato" i roto i te paparanga oneone 0-50cm
Kaupapa here parenga:
I te wa o te maara waro <3%, he mea whakahau kia huri hohonu te kakau witi
Ko te kiato rahi o te oneone >1.35g/cm³ ka timata te mahi whakaraerae
Hua whakatinanatanga:
Ko te tere o te mate o te paparanga oneone pango i heke ma te 76%
Ko te hua toharite o te soybeans mo ia mu i piki ake ma te 21%
I piki ake te rokiroki waro ma te 0.8 tana/ha ia tau
Whakamutunga
Mai i te "ahua ahuwhenua" ki te "whakaahua raraunga," kei te huri ano nga pukoro oneone i te huarahi korero a te tangata ki te whenua. Ma te whakauru hohonu o te tukanga MEMS me te hangarau Ipurangi o nga Mea, ka tutuki te aro turuki i te oneone i nga pakaruhanga i roto i te whakatau mokowā nanoscale me te whakautu wa-meneti i te wa kei te heke mai. Hei whakautu i nga wero penei i te haumaru kai o te ao me te paheketanga o te rauropi, ka mau tonu enei "kaitiaki wahangu" ki te whakarato tautoko raraunga matua me te whakatairanga i te whakahaere mohio me te whakahaere i nga punaha mata o te whenua.
Wā tuku: Feb-17-2025