1. Te whakamāramatanga hangarau me ngā mahi matua
He taputapu atamai te Pūoko Oneone e aroturuki ana i ngā tawhā taiao oneone i te wā tūturu mā roto i ngā tikanga ā-tinana, ā-matū rānei. Ko ōna āhuatanga matua ko:
Te aroturukitanga wai: Te nui o te wai (VWC), te pūmanawa matrix (kPa)
Ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana me te matū: Te kawe hiko (EC), te pH, te pūmanawa REDOX (ORP)
Tātaritanga matūkai: Te nui o te hauota, te whākawa me te pāhare pākawa (NPK), te kukū o ngā mea rauropi
Ngā tawhā whakamahana: te kōtaha pāmahana oneone (inenga rōnaki 0-100cm)
Ngā tohu koiora: Te ngohe o ngā moroiti (te tere manawa o te CO₂)
Tuarua, te tātari i te hangarau pūoko matua
Pūoko makuku
Momo TDR (whakaata rohe wā): ine wā horapa ngaru hikohiko (tika ±1%, awhe 0-100%)
Momo FDR (whakaata rohe auau): Te kimi i te āheinga o te pūnga (he iti te utu, me whakatikatika auau)
Pūnaha irahiko: Te maha o ngā irahiko kua whakatikatikaina e te hauwai (me whai tika te taumata taiwhanga, me whai whakaaetanga irahiko)
Pūnaha whakahiato maha-tawhā
Pūoko 5-i roto-i te-1: Makuku + EC+ pāmahana + pH+ Hauota (tiakitanga IP68, ātete ki te waikura tote-kawa)
Pūoko matawai: Te kitenga tata-whero (NIR) i roto i te wāhi o ngā mea rauropi (te rohe kitenga 0.5%)
Te whanaketanga hangarau hou
Irahiko ngongo waro: Taumira ine EC tae atu ki te 1μS/cm
Maramara moroiti: 30 hēkona hei whakaoti i te kitenga tere o te hauota hauota
Tuatoru, ngā horopaki tono ahumahi me te uara raraunga
1. Te whakahaere tika i te ahuwhenua atamai (Māra kānga i Iowa, USA)
Kaupapa whakatinanatanga:
Kotahi te teihana aroturuki kōtaha i ia heketea 10 (20/50/100cm taumata-toru)
Whatunga ahokore (LoRaWAN, tawhiti tuku 3km)
Whakatau mohio:
Te whakaoho i te whakamakuku: Tīmatahia te whakamakuku maturuturu ina iti iho te VWC i te 18% i te hohonutanga 40cm
Whakatōtika rerekē: Te whakarerekētanga hihiri o te tono hauota i runga i te rerekētanga uara EC o ±20%
Ngā raraunga painga:
He penapena wai 28%, he pikinga o te tere whakamahinga hauota 35%
He pikinga o te 0.8 tāne o te kānga mō ia heketea
2. Te aroturuki i te whakahaere i te koraha (Kaupapa Whakaora Taiao o Sahara Fringe)
Ngā pūoko:
Te aroturuki i te papa wai (piezoresistive, awhe 0-10MPa)
Te aroturuki i mua o te tote (te ine EC kiato teitei me te mokowā hiko 1mm)
Tauira whakatūpato mō te wā poto:
Taupū whakakoraha =0.4×(EC>4dS/m)+0.3×(mea koiora <0.6%)+0.3×(wai <5%)
Te pānga o te whakahaere:
Kua piki ake te kapinga o ngā otaota mai i te 12% ki te 37%
62% te hekenga o te tote o te mata
3. Whakatūpato āwhati whenua (Prefecture o Shizuoka, Whatunga Aroturuki Whenua Horoi o Hapani)
Pūnaha aroturuki:
Te pari o roto: te pūoko pēhanga wai kōhao (te whānuitanga 0-200kPa)
Te nekehanga o te mata: te mita MEMS (taumira 0.001°)
Rautaki whakatūpato wawe:
Ua nui: te mākū o te oneone >85% me te ua ia hāora >30mm
Te tere nekehanga: 3 hāora karapīpiti >5mm/h whakaoho whakaoho whero
Ngā hua whakatinanatanga:
E toru ngā whenua horo i whakatūpatohia angitu i te tau 2021
Kua whakaitihia te wā urupare āwhati ki te 15 meneti
4. Te whakaora i ngā wāhi poke (Te maimoatanga o ngā konganuku taumaha i te Rohe Ahumahi o Ruhr, Tiamana)
Kaupapa kimi:
Pūoko XRF Fluorescence: Te kitenga mata/cadmium/ārsenic i te wāhi (tika ppm)
Te mekameka pūmanawa REDOX: Te aroturuki i ngā tukanga whakaora koiora
Mana whakahaere atamai:
Ka whakahohehia te whakaora matū ina heke te kukū o te āteneki ki raro iho i te 50ppm
Ina neke atu i te 200mV te pūmanawa, ka whakatairangahia te pirau o ngā huakita mā te werohanga o te kaituku irahiko.
Ngā raraunga whakahaere:
I whakaitihia te parahanga mata mā te 92%
Kua whakaitihia te huringa whakatikatika mā te 40%
4. Te whanaketanga hangarau
Te whakawhāiti me te whakarārangi
Ka taea e ngā pūoko nanowire (<100nm te whānui) te aroturuki i te rohe pakiaka tipu kotahi
Kiri hiko ngāwari (300% totoro) KA WHAKARĀNGAI ki te hurihanga o te oneone
Te whakakotahitanga tirohanga maha-ara
Te hurihanga o te kakano oneone e te ngaru oro me te kawe hiko
Te ine i te kawe wai mā te tikanga pāwera (tika ±5%)
Ka akiaki te AI i ngā tātaritanga atamai
Ka tautuhia e ngā whatunga io honohono ngā momo oneone (98% te tika)
Ka whakatauira ngā māhanga matihiko i te hekenga o ngā matūkai
5. Ngā tono noa: Kaupapa tiaki whenua mangu i te raki-mā-rāwhiti o Haina
Whatunga aroturuki:
E 100,000 ngā huinga pūoko e kapi ana i te 5 miriona eka o te whenua pāmu
I whakatūria he pātengi raraunga 3D o te "makuku, te momona me te kiato" i roto i te paparanga oneone 0-50cm.
Kaupapa here tiaki:
Ina iti iho i te 3% te rauemi rauropi, me huri hohonu te kakau witi.
Ko te matotoru o te oneone >1.35g/cm³ ka whakaoho i te mahi whakahoro oneone
Ngā hua whakatinanatanga:
Kua heke te tere o te ngaronga o te paparanga oneone pango mā te 76%
I piki ake te hua toharite o te pīni soya mō ia mu mā te 21%
Kua piki ake te rokiroki waro mā te 0.8 tāne/heketea ia tau
Whakamutunga
Mai i te "pāmu ā-pūtaiao" ki te "pāmu raraunga," kei te huri te āhua o te kōrero a te tangata ki te whenua mā ngā pūoko oneone. Mā te whakaurunga hōhonu o te tukanga MEMS me te hangarau Ipurangi o ngā Mea, ka tutuki i te aroturuki oneone ngā putanga hou i roto i te whakataunga ā-wāhi nano me te urupare wā taumata-meneti a meake nei. Hei whakautu i ngā wero pēnei i te haumarutanga kai o te ao me te whakahekenga taiao, ka haere tonu ēnei "kaitiaki puku" kua tanumia hohonu ki te whakarato tautoko raraunga matua me te whakatairanga i te whakahaere atamai me te whakahaere i ngā pūnaha mata o te Ao.
Wā tuku: 17-Pepuere-2025