Kupu Whakataki: Ina Riro te Rā hei "Taurangi"
Ko te kaupapa matua o te whakaputa hiko photovoltaic ko te huri i te pūngao irahiko o te rā ki te pūngao hiko, ā, ka pāngia tika tōna mana whakaputa i te wā tūturu e ngā tawhā āhuarangi maha pērā i te irahiko o te rā, te pāmahana taiao, te tere me te ahunga o te hau, te haumākū o te āhuarangi me te ua. Ehara ēnei tawhā i te mea he tatauranga noa iho i roto i ngā pūrongo huarere, engari he "taurangi whakaputa" matua e pā tika ana ki te whai huatanga o te whakaputa hiko o ngā teihana hiko, te haumaru o ngā taputapu me ngā hokinga mai o te haumitanga. Nō reira, kua huri te Teihana Huarere Aunoa (AWS) mai i te taputapu rangahau pūtaiao hei "io kare" me te "kōhatu whakatau" nui mō ngā teihana hiko photovoltaic hou.
I. Te Hononga Maha-ahu i waenga i ngā Tawhā Aroturuki Matua me te Whai Hua o te Teihana Hiko
Kua hangaia e te teihana huarere aunoa motuhake mō ngā teihana hiko photovoltaic he pūnaha aroturuki kua whakaritea rawatia, ā, e honoa hōhonu ana ia raraunga ki te whakahaere o te teihana hiko:
Te aroturuki i te irahiko o te rā ("te ine i te pūtake" mō te whakaputa hiko)
Te irahiko katoa (GHI): Ka whakatau tika i te pūngao katoa e whiwhihia ana e ngā kōwae photovoltaic, ā, koinei te whakaurunga tino nui mō te matapae i te whakaputanga hiko.
Te irahiko tika (DNI) me te irahiko marara (DHI): Mō ngā huinga photovoltaic e whakamahi ana i ngā whāriki aroturuki, i ngā kōwae mata-rua rānei, he mea nui tēnei raraunga mō te arotau i ngā rautaki aroturuki me te aromatawai tika i te pikinga o te hiko whakamuri.
Uara tono: Ka whakaratohia he raraunga paearu kore e taea te whakakapi mō te paearu mahi whakaputa hiko (tatau uara PR), te matapae whakaputa hiko wā poto, me te tātaritanga whai huatanga pūngao o te teihana hiko.
2. Te pāmahana ā-taiao me te pāmahana papa muri o ngā wāhanga (te "taurangi pāmahana" o te whai huatanga)
Te pāmahana taiao: Ka pā ki te āhuarangi moroiti me ngā whakaritenga whakamatao o te teihana hiko.
Te pāmahana o muri o te kōwae: Ka heke te mana putanga o ngā kōwae photovoltaic i te pikinga o te pāmahana (te tikanga -0.3% ki te -0.5%/℃). Mā te aroturukitanga wā-tūturu o te pāmahana o muri ka taea te whakatika tika i te putanga mana e tumanakohia ana, me te tautuhi i te marara wera rerekē o ngā wāhanga, i ngā tūponotanga kino pea o te wāhi wera.
3. Te tere me te ahunga o te hau (Te "hoari mata-rua" o te haumaru me te whakamatao
Haumarutanga hanganga: Ko ngā hau kaha ohorere (pērā i ngā mea e neke atu ana i te 25m/s) te whakamātautau tino pai mō te hoahoa kawenga miihini o ngā hanganga tautoko photovoltaic me ngā kōwae. Ka taea e ngā whakatūpato tere hau ā-wā tonu te whakaoho i te pūnaha haumarutanga, ā, mēnā e tika ana, ka whakahohe i te aratau tiaki hau o te aroturuki tuaka-kotahi (pērā i te "wāhi tupuhi").
Te whakamatao ā-taiao: Mā te tere tika o te hau ka āwhina i te whakaheke i te pāmahana whakahaere o ngā wāhanga, ka whakarei ake i te pai o te whakaputa hiko. Ka whakamahia ngā raraunga hei tātari i te pānga whakamatao-hau me te arotau i te tahora me te tawhiti o te rarangi.
4. Te haumākū me te ua ("tohu whakatūpato" mō te whakahaere me te tiaki me ngā hapa)
Te haumākū nui: Tērā pea ka puta he pānga PID (Posential-induced Attenuation), ka tere ake te waikura o ngā taputapu, ā, ka pā ki te mahi whakamahana.
Te ua: Ka taea te whakamahi i ngā raraunga ua hei whakataurite me te tātari i te pānga horoi taiao o ngā wāhanga (he pikinga wā poto i roto i te whakaputa hiko), me te ārahi i te whakamahere i te huringa horoi pai rawa atu. E pā tika ana ngā whakatūpato ua nui ki te urupare a ngā pūnaha whakahaere waipuke me ngā pūnaha waikeri.
5. Te pēhanga hauātea me ētahi atu tawhā (ngā "tauwehe āwhina" kua whakatikatikaina)
E whakamahia ana mō te whakatika raraunga hihi tino tika me te tātari taumata rangahau.
II. Ngā horopaki taupānga atamai e ahu mai ana i ngā raraunga
Ka rere te rerenga raraunga o te teihana huarere aunoa, mā te kaikohi raraunga me te whatunga whakawhitiwhiti kōrero, ki roto i te pūnaha aroturuki me te kohikohi raraunga (SCADA) me te pūnaha matapae hiko o te teihana hiko photovoltaic, ka puta ake ai ngā tono atamai maha:
1. Te matapae tika mō te whakaputa hiko me te tuku whatunga hiko
Matapae poto (ia hāora/ia rā ki muri): Mā te whakakotahi i te hihi wā-tūturu, ngā mahere kapua me ngā matapae huarere tau (NWP), ka noho hei pūtake matua mō ngā tari tuku whatunga hiko hei whakataurite i te rerekētanga o te hiko photovoltaic me te whakarite i te pumau o te whatunga hiko. E pā tika ana te tika o te matapae ki te moni whiwhi aromatawai o te teihana hiko me te rautaki hokohoko mākete.
Matapae poto rawa (taumata-meneti): Ko te nuinga o te wā e ahu mai ana i te aroturuki i ngā huringa ohorere o te hihi i te wā tūturu (pēnei i te whitinga o te kapua), e whakamahia ana mō te urupare tere o te AGC (Mana Whakaputa Aunoa) i roto i ngā teihana hiko me te whakaputa hiko maeneene.
2. Te tātaritanga hōhonu o te mahi a te teihana hiko me te arotautanga o te whakahaere me te tiaki
Tātari ōwehenga mahi (PR): I runga i ngā raraunga ine mō te hihi me te pāmahana o te wāhanga, tatauhia te whakaputanga hiko ariā, ka whakataurite ki te whakaputanga hiko tuturu. Ko te hekenga roa o ngā uara PR ka tohu pea i te pirau o te wāhanga, ngā paru, ngā aukati, ngā hapa hiko rānei.
Rautaki horoi atamai: Mā te tātari whānui i te ua, te kohikohinga puehu (ka taea te whakatau ā-kore mā te whakaiti i te hihi), te tere o te hau (puehu), me ngā utu ngaronga o te whakaputa hiko, ka whakaputaina he mahere horoi wāhanga tino pai o te taha ōhanga.
Whakatūpato hauora taputapu: Mā te whakatairite i ngā rerekētanga whakaputa hiko o ngā huinga-iti rerekē i raro i ngā āhuatanga huarere ōrite, ka taea te kimi tere i ngā hapa i roto i ngā pouaka whakakotahi, ngā inverter, ngā taumata aho rānei.
3. Te Haumarutanga o ngā Rawa me te Whakahaere Mōrearea
Whakatūpato huarere kino: Whakatakotoria he paepae mō ngā hau kaha, te ua nui, te hukarere nui, te pāmahana tino tiketike, me ētahi atu, hei whakatutuki i ngā whakatūpato aunoa me te ārahi i ngā kaimahi whakahaere me te tiaki ki te mahi i ngā mahi tiaki pēnei i te whakakaha, te whakapakari, te mimiti wai, te whakarerekē rānei i te aratau whakahaere i mua.
Aromatawai Inihuarangi me ngā Rawa: Whakaratohia ngā rekoata raraunga huarere whai kiko, tonu hoki hei tuku taunakitanga pono ki te hunga tuatoru mō te aromatawai i ngā mate ā-pāwera, ngā kereme inihuarangi, me ngā tauwhitinga rawa o ngā teihana hiko.
III. Te Whakaurunga Pūnaha me ngā Auahatanga Hangarau
Kei te whanake haere ngā teihana huarere photovoltaic o ēnei rā ki te huarahi e piki ake ai te whakaurunga, te pono me te mohio.
Hoahoa whakauru: Kua whakauruhia te pūoko irahiko, te mita pāmahana me te haumākū, te anemometer, te kaikohi raraunga me te pūhiko hiko (papa rā + pākahiko) ki roto i tētahi pūnaha pou pumau, ātete-waikura, e āhei ai te whakatinanatanga tere me te mahi kore tiaki.
2. Te tino tika me te tino pono: Kei te tata te taumata o te pūoko ki te paerewa taumata tuarua, taumata tuatahi rānei, e whakaatu ana i ngā mahi tātaritanga whaiaro me te whakatikatika whaiaro hei whakarite i te tika me te pumau o ngā raraunga mō te wā roa.
3. Te whakaurunga o te rorohiko taha me te AI: Whakahaerehia te tukatuka raraunga tuatahi me te whakatau i ngā āhuatanga rerekē i te pito o te teihana hei whakaiti i te taumahatanga o te tuku raraunga. Mā te whakauru i te hangarau mohio whakaahua AI me te whakamahi i te taputapu whakaahua rangi-katoa hei āwhina i te tautuhi i ngā momo kapua me ngā rahinga kapua, ka whakarei ake i te tika o ngā matapae wā-poto rawa atu.
4. Teihana Hiko Mahanga Mamati me te Teihana Hiko Mariko: Ko ngā raraunga teihana āhuarangi, hei whakaurunga tika mai i te ao tūturu, e akiaki ana i te tauira mahanga mamati o te teihana hiko photovoltaic ki te whakahaere i te whakatauira whakaputa hiko, te matapae hapa, me te arotau rautaki whakahaere me te tiaki i roto i te wāhi mariko.
Iv. Ngā Take Tono me te Ine Uara
I muri i te whakatūnga o tētahi whatunga aroturuki huarere iti e ono ngā teihana hiko photovoltaic 100MW kei roto i tētahi rohe maunga matatini, kua tutuki i tēnei mahi ngā mea e whai ake nei:
Kua piki ake te tika o te matapae hiko mō te wā poto mā te 5% pea, ā, kua tino whakaitihia ngā utu mō te aromatawai whatunga hiko.
Mā te horoi atamai i runga i ngā raraunga huarere, ka whakaitihia te utu horoi ā-tau mā te 15%, ā, ka whakaitihia te ngaronga hiko i puta mai i ngā paru mā te neke atu i te 2%.
I te wā o te rangi kaha, i whakahohehia te aratau ārai hau e rua hāora i mua i te whakatūpato a te hau kaha, ā, i ārai i te kino pea o te tautoko. E kiia ana i whakaitihia te mate e te miriona yuan.
Whakamutunga: Mai i te "Whakawhirinaki ki te Taiao hei oranga" ki te "Whakahaere i runga i te tikanga o te Taiao"
Ko te whakamahinga o ngā teihana huarere aunoa he tohu i te nekehanga o te whakahaere o ngā teihana hiko photovoltaic mai i te whakawhirinaki ki te wheako me te whakahaere whānui ki tētahi wā hou o te whakahaere pūtaiao, matatau me te mohio e aro ana ki ngā raraunga. Mā tēnei ka taea e ngā teihana hiko photovoltaic te "kite" i te rā engari te "mārama" hoki i te rangi, ā, ka whakanuia te uara o ia hihi o te rā, ka whakarei ake i te moni whiwhi me te haumarutanga rawa o te whakaputa hiko puta noa i te huringa ora katoa. I te mea ka noho te hiko photovoltaic hei kaha matua i roto i te whakawhiti pūngao o te ao, ko te tūranga rautaki o te teihana huarere aunoa, e mahi ana hei "kanohi mohio", ka tino kitea.
Mō ētahi atu pārongo mō ngā teihana huarere,
tēnā whakapā atu ki a Honde Technology Co., LTD.
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Wā tuku: Hakihea-17-2025