I roto i te tirotiro huarere me te aroturuki taiao, he mea nui kia whiwhi raraunga tika, ā, i te wā tika hoki. Nā te whanaketanga o te hangarau, he maha ake ngā teihana huarere e whakamahi ana i ngā pūoko matihiko me ngā kawa whakawhitiwhiti kōrero hei whakapai ake i te whai huatanga o te kohikohi me te tuku raraunga. I roto i ēnei, kua noho te kawa SDI-12 (Serial Data Interface at 1200 baud) hei whiringa nui i roto i te mara o ngā teihana huarere nā tōna māmā, tōna ngāwari me tōna whai huatanga.
1. Ngā āhuatanga o te kawa SDI-12
He kawa whakawhitiwhiti raupapa a SDI-12 mō ngā pūoko iti-mana, e tika ana mō ngā momo tono aroturuki taiao. Ko ngā āhuatanga matua o te kawa e whai ake nei:
Hoahoa iti-mana: Mā te kawa SDI-12 ka taea e ngā pūoko te uru ki te aratau moe ina kore e mahi, ā, ka whakaitihia te whakapaunga pūngao, ā, he pai hoki mō ngā taputapu pākahiko.
Tautoko maha-pūoko: Tae atu ki te 62 ngā pūoko ka taea te hono atu ki tētahi pahi SDI-12, ā, ka taea te tautuhi i ngā raraunga o ia pūoko mā tētahi wāhitau ahurei, e ngāwari ake ai te hanganga o te pūnaha.
Ngāwari ki te whakauru: Mā te whakapūmautanga o te kawa SDI-12 ka taea e ngā pūoko mai i ngā kaihanga rerekē te mahi i roto i te pūnaha kotahi, ā, he tino māmā te whakauru ki te kaikohi raraunga.
Tuku raraunga pumau: Ka tukuna e SDI-12 ngā raraunga mā roto i ngā mati 12-moka, kia tika ai, kia pono ai hoki ngā raraunga.
2. Te hanganga o te teihana huarere putanga SDI-12
Ko te teihana huarere e hangai ana ki te kawa SDI-12 he mea hanga i ngā wāhanga e whai ake nei:
Pūoko: Ko te wāhanga tino nui o te teihana huarere, e kohikohi ana i ngā raraunga huarere mā roto i ngā momo pūoko, tae atu ki ngā pūoko pāmahana, ngā pūoko haumākū, ngā pūoko tere me te ahunga o te hau, ngā pūoko ua, me ētahi atu. Ka tautokohia e ngā pūoko katoa te kawa SDI-12.
Kohikohi raraunga: Ko te kawenga mō te whiwhi raraunga pūoko me te tukatuka. Ka tukuna e te kaikohikohi raraunga ngā tono ki ia pūoko mā te kawa SDI-12, ā, ka whiwhi i ngā raraunga kua whakahokia mai.
Wāhanga rokiroki raraunga: Ko ngā raraunga kua kohia ka rongoatia i roto i tētahi taputapu rokiroki ā-rohe, pērā i tētahi kāri SD, ka tukuatuhia rānei ki tētahi tūmau kapua mā tētahi whatunga ahokore hei rokiroki me te tātari mō te wā roa.
Kōwae tuku raraunga: He maha ngā teihana huarere hou kua whakauruhia ki ngā kōwae tuku ahokore, pērā i te GPRS, LoRa, ngā kōwae Wi-Fi rānei, hei whakahaere i te tuku raraunga wā-tūturu ki tētahi tūāpapa aroturuki mamao.
Te whakahaere hiko: Hei whakarite kia pumau te mahi a te teihana huarere mō te wā roa, ka whakamahia ngā otinga pūngao hou pēnei i ngā pūtau rā me ngā pākahiko lithium.
3. Ngā āhuatanga tono o ngā teihana huarere SDI-12
He whānuitia te whakamahinga o ngā teihana huarere putanga SDI-12 i roto i ngā mara maha, tae atu ki:
Te aroturukitanga huarere ahuwhenua: Ka taea e ngā teihana huarere te whakarato raraunga huarere wā-tūturu mō te whakaputanga ahuwhenua, ā, ka āwhina i ngā kaimahi pāmu ki te whakatau kaupapa pūtaiao.
Aroturukitanga taiao: I roto i te aroturukitanga rauropi me te tiaki taiao, ka taea e ngā teihana huarere te āwhina ki te aroturuki i te huringa āhuarangi me te kounga o te hau.
Te aroturukitanga wai: Ka taea e ngā teihana huarere wai te aroturuki i te ua me te makuku o te oneone, me te tautoko raraunga mō te whakahaere rauemi wai me te aukati waipuke me te whakaiti i ngā āhuatanga kino.
Rangahau āhuarangi: Ka whakamahia e ngā whare rangahau ngā teihana huarere SDI-12 hei kohikohi raraunga āhuarangi mō te wā roa, hei whakahaere rangahau hoki mō te huringa āhuarangi.
4. Ngā take tūturu
Take 1: He teihana aroturuki huarere ahuwhenua i Haina
I tētahi rohe ahuwhenua i Haina, i hangaia he pūnaha aroturuki huarere ahuwhenua mā te whakamahi i te kawa SDI-12. Ko te nuinga o te pūnaha e whakamahia ana hei aroturuki i ngā āhuatanga huarere e hiahiatia ana mō te tipu o ngā hua. He maha ngā momo pūoko kei te teihana huarere pērā i te pāmahana, te haumākū, te tere o te hau, te ua, me ētahi atu, e hono ana ki te kaikohi raraunga mā te kawa SDI-12.
Te pānga o te whakamahinga: I te wā tino nui o te tipu o te hua, ka taea e ngā kaimahi pāmu te tiki raraunga āhuarangi i te wā tonu, me te whakainu me te whakawairakau i te wā tika. Nā tēnei pūnaha i tino whakapai ake i ngā hua me te kounga o ngā hua, ā, kua piki ake te moni whiwhi a ngā kaimahi pāmu mā te 20%. Mā te tātari raraunga, ka taea hoki e ngā kaimahi pāmu te whakamahere pai ake i ngā mahi ahuwhenua me te whakaiti i te moumou rauemi.
Take 2: Kaupapa Aroturuki Taiao Tāone
I tētahi tāone i Philippines, i whakatūria e te kāwanatanga ā-rohe he raupapa o ngā teihana huarere SDI-12 hei aroturuki i te taiao, ko te nuinga hei aroturuki i te kounga o te hau me ngā āhuatanga huarere. Ko ngā mahi a ēnei teihana huarere e whai ake nei:
Ka aroturukihia e ngā pūoko ngā tawhā taiao pēnei i te pāmahana, te haumākū, te tere o te hau, te PM2.5, te PM10, me ētahi atu.
Ka tukuna ngā raraunga ki te pokapū aroturuki taiao o te tāone i te wā tonu mā te whakamahi i te kawa SDI-12.
Te pānga o te tono: Mā te kohikohi me te tātari raraunga, ka taea e ngā kaiwhakahaere o te tāone te mahi i ngā mahi i te wā tika hei whakatau i ngā āhuatanga āhuarangi tino kino pērā i te kohu me te pāmahana teitei. Ka taea hoki e ngā tāngata whenua te tiki i ngā mōhiohio āhuarangi me te kounga hau e tata ana i te wā tūturu mā roto i ngā taupānga waea pūkoro, kia taea ai te whakarerekē i ā rātou mahere haere i te wā tika me te tiaki i ō rātou hauora.
Take 3: Pūnaha Aroturuki Wai
I roto i tētahi kaupapa aroturuki wai i roto i tētahi puna awa, ka whakamahia te kawa SDI-12 hei whakahaere me te aroturuki i te rere o te awa, te ua me te makuku o te oneone. I whakatūria e te kaupapa he maha ngā teihana huarere hei aroturuki i te wā tūturu i ngā wāhi ine rerekē.
Te pānga o te tono: I taea e te tīma kaupapa te matapae i ngā mōrearea waipuke mā te tātari i ēnei raraunga me te tuku whakatūpato wawe ki ngā hapori tata. Mā te mahi tahi me ngā kāwanatanga ā-rohe, i whakaitihia e te pūnaha ngā mate ōhanga i puta mai i ngā waipuke, ā, i whakapai ake i te kaha ki te whakahaere i ngā rauemi wai.
Whakamutunga
I te whanaketanga tonu o te pūtaiao me te hangarau, kua piki haere te whakamahinga o te kawa SDI-12 i roto i ngā teihana huarere. Ko tōna hoahoa iti-mana, te tautoko maha-pūoko me ngā āhuatanga tuku raraunga pumau e whakarato ana i ngā whakaaro me ngā otinga hou mō te aroturuki huarere. I ngā rā kei te heke mai, ka haere tonu te whanaketanga o ngā teihana huarere e hangai ana ki te SDI-12 me te whakarato tautoko tika me te pono mō te aroturuki huarere i roto i ngā momo ahumahi.
Wā tuku: 16 Paenga-whāwhā 2025