I te Teihana Rangahau Ahuwhenua o Te Whare Wānanga o Wisconsin-Madison Hancock, ka whakatūria e Shuohao Cai, he tauira tohu paerua mō te pūtaiao oneone, tētahi tokotoko pūoko me tētahi tapanga pūoko maha-mahi e taea ai te ine i ngā hohonutanga rerekē ki roto i te oneone.
MADISON — Kua whakawhanakehia e ngā miihini o Te Whare Wānanga o Wisconsin-Madison ētahi pūoko iti te utu ka taea te aroturuki tonu i te nitrate i roto i ngā momo oneone noa o Wisconsin. Ka taea e ēnei pūoko hikohiko kua tāia te āwhina i ngā kaimahi pāmu ki te whakatau i ngā whakataunga whakahaere matūkai whai whakaaro me te whakatutuki i ngā painga ōhanga.
"Ka taea e ā mātou pūoko te hoatu ki ngā kaipāmu he māramatanga pai ake mō te āhua kai o tō rātou oneone me te nui o te nitrate e wātea ana ki ā rātou tipu, ā, ka āwhina i a rātou ki te whakatau tika ake i te nui o te tongi e hiahiatia ana e rātou," te kī a Joseph Andrews, he ahorangi āwhina i Te Whare Wānanga o Harvard. Nā te Kura Hangarau Mīhini i Te Whare Wānanga o Wisconsin-Madison te rangahau i ārahi. "Mēnā ka taea e rātou te whakaiti i te nui o te tongi e hokona ana e rātou, ka nui pea te penapena utu mō ngā pāmu nui ake."
He matūkai nui ngā nitrates mō te tipu o ngā hua, engari ka taea e te nui o ngā nitrates te mimiti mai i te oneone ka uru ki te wai whenua. He kino tēnei momo poke ki te hunga e inu ana i te wai poka poke, ā, he kino hoki ki te taiao. Ka taea hoki te whakamahi i te pūoko hou a ngā kairangahau hei taputapu rangahau ahuwhenua hei aroturuki i te mimiti nitrate me te āwhina ki te whakawhanake i ngā tikanga pai hei whakaiti i ōna pānga kino.
He nui te mahi, he utu nui, ā, kāore e whakarato raraunga tūturu ngā tikanga o nāianei mō te aroturuki i te pākawa waro o te oneone. Koia te take i whai ai te tohunga hiko tā, a Andrews, me tana tīma, ki te waihanga i tētahi otinga pai ake, iti ake te utu.
I roto i tēnei kaupapa, i whakamahia e ngā kairangahau tētahi tukanga tā waituhi waituhi hei hanga i tētahi pūoko potentiometric, he momo pūoko hikohiko kiriata-angiangi. He maha ngā wā ka whakamahia ngā pūoko potentiometric hei ine tika i te nitrate i roto i ngā wairewa wai. Heoi, kāore i te pai te whakamahi i ēnei pūoko i roto i ngā taiao oneone nā te mea ka taea e ngā matūriki oneone nunui te rakuraku i ngā pūoko, ā, ka ārai i ngā inenga tika.
"Ko te wero matua i ngana mātou ki te whakaoti ko te kimi huarahi hei whakahaere tika i ēnei pūoko hikohiko i roto i ngā āhuatanga oneone kino, me te kimi tika i ngā katote nitrate," te kī a Andrews.
Ko te otinga a te tīma he whakatakoto i tētahi paparanga o te polyvinylidene fluoride ki runga i te pūoko. E ai ki a Andrews, e rua ngā āhuatanga matua o tēnei rauemi. Tuatahi, he tino iti ngā pūwero, tata ki te 400 nanometer te rahi, e āhei ai ngā katote nitrate ki te haere mā roto me te ārai i ngā matūriki oneone. Tuarua, he hydrophilic, arā, ka kukume i te wai ka mimiti pērā i te hautai.
"Nō reira, ko te wai whai rawa i te nitrate ka mimiti pai ki roto i ā tātou pūoko, he mea tino nui tēnei nā te mea he rite te oneone ki te hautai, ā, ka hinga koe i te pakanga mō te makuku e tomo ana ki roto i te pūoko mēnā kāore e taea e koe te whiwhi i te mimiti wai ōrite. Te pūmanawa oneone," te kī a Andrews. "Mā ēnei āhuatanga o te paparanga polyvinylidene fluoride ka taea e tātou te tango i te wai whai rawa i te nitrate, te tuku atu ki te mata o te pūoko, me te kite tika i te nitrate."
I roto i tētahi pepa i whakaputaina i te marama o Poutū-te-rangi 2024 i roto i te puka Advanced Materials Technology, i whakaahuahia e ngā kairangahau ō rātou ahunga whakamua.
I whakamātauhia e te tīma tā rātou pūoko i runga i ngā momo oneone e rua e pā ana ki Wisconsin—ngā oneone onepu, e kitea ana i ngā wāhanga raki-waenganui o te kawanatanga, me ngā oneone paru, e kitea ana i te tonga-uru o Wisconsin—ā, i kitea he tika ngā hua o ngā pūoko.
Kei te whakauruhia e ngā kairangahau tā rātou pūoko hauota ki roto i tētahi pūnaha pūoko maha-mahi e kiia nei e rātou he "piripiri pūoko," e toru ngā momo pūoko rerekē e whakamaua ana ki runga i tētahi mata kirihou ngāwari mā te whakamahi i tētahi paparanga piri. Kei roto hoki i ngā whakapiripiri ngā pūoko haumākū me te pāmahana.
Ka tāpirihia e ngā kairangahau ētahi whakapiripiri kare ā-roto ki tētahi pou, ka whakatakotoria ki ngā teitei rerekē, kātahi ka tanumia te pou ki te oneone. Mā tēnei whakaritenga ka taea e rātou te ine i ngā hohonutanga oneone rerekē.
"Mā te ine i te pākawa waro, te makuku me te pāmahana i ngā hohonutanga rerekē, ka taea e tātou te ine i te tukanga tango pākawa waro me te mārama ki te nekehanga o te pākawa waro i roto i te oneone, he mea kāore i taea i mua," te kī a Andrews.
I te raumati o te tau 2024, kei te whakamahere ngā kairangahau ki te whakatakoto i ngā tokotoko pūoko e 30 ki roto i te oneone i te Teihana Rangahau Ahuwhenua o Hancock me te Teihana Rangahau Ahuwhenua o Arlington i te Whare Wānanga o Wisconsin-Madison hei whakamātautau anō i te pūoko.
Wā tuku: Hōngongoi-09-2024