Kei te tere, kei te tino heke te nui o te hāora i roto i ngā wai o tō tātou ao—mai i ngā roto ki te moana. E ai ki ngā kaituhi o tētahi rangahau ā-ao e pā ana ki a GEOMAR i whakaputaina i tēnei rā i roto i te Nature Ecology & Evolution, ko te ngaronga haere o te hāora ehara i te mea he mōrearea ki ngā pūnaha rauropi anake, engari ki ngā oranga hoki o ngā wāhanga nui o te hapori me te ao katoa.
E karanga ana rātou kia kiia te ngaronga o te hāora i roto i ngā wai hei rohe anō mō te ao kia taea ai te arotahi ki te aroturukitanga o te ao, te rangahau me ngā mahi tōrangapū.
He mea nui te hāora mō te oranga o te ao tūroa. Ko te ngaronga o te hāora i roto i te wai, e kiia ana ko te tango hāora i roto i te wai, he tūmomo mōrearea ki te oranga o ngā taumata katoa. E whakaahua ana te rōpū kairangahau o te ao i te āhua o te tango hāora tonu hei tūmomo mōrearea nui ki te oranga o te nuinga o te hapori, me te pumau hoki o te oranga i runga i tō tātou ao.
Kua tautuhia e ngā rangahau o mua he huinga o ngā tukanga tauine ā-ao, e kiia nei ko ngā rohe aorangi, e whakahaere ana i te noho me te pumau o te ao. Mēnā ka hipahia ngā paepae matua o ēnei tukanga, ka piki ake te mōrearea o ngā huringa taiao nui, ohorere, kore e taea te hoki whakamuri ("ngā pūwāhi hurihuri") ā, ka mōrearea te manawanui o tō tātou aorangi, tōna pumau.
Kei roto i ngā rohe e iwa o te aorangi ko te huringa āhuarangi, te huringa whakamahinga whenua, me te ngaronga o te kanorau koiora. E kī ana ngā kaituhi o te rangahau hou ko te tango hāora i roto i te wai ka whakautu, ka whakahaere hoki i ētahi atu tukanga rohe aorangi.
"He mea nui kia tāpirihia te tango hāora wai ki te rārangi o ngā rohe o te ao," te kī a Ahorangi Tākuta Rose o te Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute i Troy, New York, te kaituhi matua o te pukapuka. "Ka āwhina tēnei i te tautoko me te arotahi ki te aroturukitanga ā-ao, te rangahau, me ngā mahi kaupapa here hei āwhina i ō tātou pūnaha rauropi wai, ā, hei āwhina anō hoki i te hapori whānui."
Kua tere, kua tino heke te kukū o te hāora wai i ngā tekau tau tata nei, puta noa i ngā pūnaha rauropi wai katoa, mai i ngā manga wai me ngā awaawa, ngā roto, ngā puna wai, me ngā roto hōpua ki ngā wahapū, ngā takutai moana, me te moana whānui.
Mai i te tau 1980, kua pāngia ngā roto me ngā puna wai e te 5.5% me te 18.6% o te hāora. Kua pāngia te moana e te 2% o te ngaronga hāora mai i te tau 1960. Ahakoa te ahua iti o tēnei tau, nā te nui o te moana, he nui te nui o te hāora i ngaro.
Kua pāngia hoki ngā pūnaha rauropi moana e te rerekētanga nui o te hekenga o te hāora. Hei tauira, kua ngaro te 40% o te hāora i ngā wai o waenganui o California i ngā tekau tau kua pahure ake nei. Kua tino piki ake te nui o ngā pūnaha rauropi wai e pāngia ana e te hekenga o te hāora puta noa i ngā momo katoa.
"Ko ngā take o te ngaronga o te hāora wai ko te mahana o te ao nā ngā tukunga hau kati kōtuhi me te whakaurunga mai o ngā matūkai hei hua o te whakamahinga whenua," te kī a te kaituhi tahi a Tākuta Andreas Oschlies, Ahorangi o te Tauira Koiora-matū Moana i GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel.
"Ki te piki ake te pāmahana o te wai, ka heke te wairewatanga o te hāora i roto i te wai. Hei tāpiri, ka whakarei ake te mahana o te ao i te paparanga o te pou wai, nā te mea kei runga ake i te wai hohonu makariri, tote hoki i raro te wai mahana, iti te tote, ā, he iti ake te mātotoru."
"Ka ārai tēnei i te whakawhitiwhiti i ngā paparanga hohonu kāore i te nui te hāora ki te wai mata whenua he nui te hāora. Hei tāpiri, ko ngā matūkai mai i te whenua e tautoko ana i te puāwaitanga o te rimurimu, ā, ka nui ake te hāora e pau ana i te mea ka totohu te nui o ngā rauemi rauropi, ā, ka pirauhia e ngā moroiti i te hohonutanga."
Ko ngā wāhi o te moana he iti noa te hāora, ā, kāore e taea e ngā ika, ngā kūtai, ngā pāpaka rānei te ora, ehara i te mea ko ngā rauropi tonu anake te mea e mōrearea ana, engari ko ngā ratonga rauropi pērā i te hī ika, te ahumoana, te tūruhi me ngā mahi ahurea.
Ko ngā tukanga moroiti i roto i ngā rohe e kore e nui te hāora ka puta ake ngā hau kati kōtuhi kaha pērā i te hauota waikura me te methane, ka piki ake pea te mahana o te ao, ā, koinei tētahi o ngā tino take o te korenga o te hāora.
E whakatūpato ana ngā kaituhi: Kei te whakatata tātou ki ngā paepae matua o te tango hāora i roto i te wai, ā, ka pā tēnei ki ētahi atu rohe o te aorangi.
E kī ana a Ahorangi Tākuta Rose, "Ko te hāora rewa te mea e whakahaere ana i te mahi a te moana me te wai māori ki te whakarerekē i te āhuarangi o Papatūānuku. Ko te whakapai ake i ngā kukū hāora e whakawhirinaki ana ki te aro atu ki ngā pūtake, tae atu ki te mahana o te āhuarangi me te rerenga mai i ngā whenua whakawhanake."
"Ki te kore e aro atu ki te tango hāora i roto i te wai, ka pāngia ngā pūnaha rauropi, tae atu ki ngā mahi ōhanga me te hapori o te ao."
Ko ngā ia o te tango hāora i roto i te wai he whakatūpato mārama me he karanga ki te mahi hei whakaoho i ngā huringa hei whakaroa, hei whakaiti rānei i tēnei rohe o te aorangi.
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Wā tuku: Oketopa-12-2024