He mea nui te mahi ā-taiao o te hangarau waipēhi mō te tiaki i ngā rauemi hī ika. E mōhiotia ana te tere o te wai ka pā ki te whakaputa uri o ngā ika e tuku ana i ngā hua e rere ana. Ko te whāinga o tēnei rangahau he tūhura i ngā pānga o te whakaoho tere wai ki te pakeketanga o te ovarian me te kaha antioxidant o te kāpeti tarutaru pakeke (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) mā roto i ngā whakamātautau taiwhanga kia mārama ai ki te tikanga ā-tinana e whai pānga ana ki te urupare o te whakaputa uri tūturu ki ngā rere ā-taiao. I tirotirohia e mātou te histology, ngā homoni ira me ngā kukū vitellogenin (VTG) o te ovarian, me ngā tuhinga o ngā ira matua i roto i te tuaka hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad (HPG), tae atu ki ngā mahi antioxidant o te ovarian me te ate i roto i te kāpeti tarutaru. I whakaatuhia e ngā hua ahakoa kāore he rerekētanga kitea i runga i ngā āhuatanga whanaketanga ovarian o te kāpeti tarutaru i raro i te whakaoho tere wai, i piki ake ngā kukū estradiol, testosterone, progesterone, 17α,20β-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (17α,20β-DHP), me VTG, e pā ana ki te whakahaere tuhinga o ngā ira tuaka HPG. I tino piki ake ngā taumata whakapuakanga ira (gnrh2, fshβ, lhβ, cgα, hsd20b, hsd17b3, me vtg) i roto i te tuaka HPG i raro i te whakaohooho tere wai, engari i pehia ngā taumata o hsd3b1, cyp17a1, cyp19a1a, hsd17b1, star, me igf3. Hei tāpiri, mā te whakaohooho tere wai tika ka taea te whakapai ake i te hauora o te tinana mā te whakanui ake i ngā mahi a ngā whākōkī ārai-mate i roto i te ovary me te ate. Mā ngā hua o tēnei rangahau ka whakaratohia he mātauranga taketake me te tautoko raraunga mō te whakahaere taiao o ngā kaupapa hiko wai me te whakaora taiao awa.
Kupu Whakataki
Ko te Pā o Ngā Āwha e Toru (TGD), kei waenganui o te awa o Yangtze, te kaupapa hiko wai nui rawa atu o te ao, ā, he mahi nui tāna ki te whakamahi me te whakamahi i te hiko o te awa (Tang et al., 2016). Heoi, ko te whakahaerenga o te TGD ehara i te mea ka whakarerekē nui i ngā tukanga wai o ngā awa engari ka mōrearea hoki ki ngā nohoanga wai i te taha whakarunga me te taha whakararo o te papa pā, ā, ka whai wāhi atu ki te whakahekenga o ngā rauropi awa (Zhang et al., 2021). I roto i ngā taipitopito, ko te whakahaere i ngā puna wai ka whakataurite i ngā tukanga rere o ngā awa, ka ngoikore, ka whakakore rānei i ngā tihi waipuke tūturu, ā, ka heke iho ngā hua ika (She et al., 2023).
Tērā pea ka pāngia te mahi whakaputa uri ika e ngā āhuatanga taiao maha, tae atu ki te tere o te wai, te pāmahana o te wai, me te hāora rewa. Mā te awe i te hanganga me te tukunga o ngā homoni, ka pāngia te whanaketanga gonadal o ngā ika e ēnei āhuatanga taiao (Liu et al., 2021). Ina koa, kua mōhiotia te tere o te wai hei pānga ki te whakaputa uri o ngā ika e tuku ana i ngā hua e rere ana i roto i ngā awa (Chen et al., 2021a). Hei whakaiti i ngā pānga kino o ngā mahi tāpae ki te whakaputa uri ika, me whakatū he tukanga wai-taiao motuhake hei whakaoho i te whakaputa uri ika (Wang et al., 2020).
Ko ngā kāpa nui e whā o Haina (FMCC), tae atu ki te kāpa pango (Mylopharyngodon piceus), te kāpa tarutaru (Ctenopharyngodon idellus), te kāpa hiriwa (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix), me te kāpa upoko nui (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis), he tino pāngia e ngā tukanga wai, ko ēnei ngā ika tino nui o te ōhanga i Haina. Ka heke te taupori FMCC ki ngā wāhi whakaputa uri ka tīmata te whakaputa uri hei whakautu ki ngā pahūtanga rere nui mai i Maehe ki Hune, ko te hanganga me te whakahaere o te TGD ka whakarerekē i te auau wai taiao me te aukati i te hekenga ika (Zhang et al., 2023). Nō reira, ko te whakauru i te rere ā-taiao ki roto i te kaupapa whakahaere o te TGD he mahi whakaiti i te hua o te FMCC. Kua whakaaturia ko te whakatinanatanga o ngā waipuke ā-tangata whakahaeretia hei wāhanga o te mahi TGD ka whakarei ake i te angitu whakaputa uri o te FMCC i ngā rohe o raro (Xiao et al., 2022). Mai i te tau 2011, he maha ngā mahi kua whakaritea hei whakatairanga i te whanonga whakaputa uri o te FMCC hei whakaiti i te hekenga o te FMCC mai i te Awa o Yangtze. I kitea ko te tere o te wai e whakaoho ana i te whakaputa uri o te FMCC i waenga i te 1.11 ki te 1.49 m/s (Cao et al., 2022), me te tere rere pai rawa atu o te 1.31 m/s i kitea mō te whakaputa uri o te FMCC i roto i ngā awa (Chen et al., 2021a). Ahakoa he mea nui te tere o te wai i roto i te whakaputa uri o te FMCC, he iti noa iho ngā rangahau mō te tikanga ā-tinana e whai pānga ana ki te urupare o te whakaputa uri taiao ki ngā rere ā-taiao.
Wā tuku: Akuhata-05-2024