I roto i te tere o te whanaketanga o te pūtaiao me te hangarau o ēnei rā, he rite ngā momo pūoko katoa ki ngā "toa kei muri i ngā whakaaturanga", e whakarato puku ana i te tautoko raraunga matua mō te whakahaere i ngā mara maha. I roto i ēnei, he mea nui te mahi a ngā pūoko irahiko o te rā i roto i ngā ahumahi maha nā ō rātou kaha ki te ine tika i te irahiko o te rā.
Ko ngā pūoko irahiko o te rā, ko te tikanga, he taputapu tika e whakamahia ana hei ine i te irahiko o te rā me te pūngao o te rā. Ko tana kaupapa matua he huri i te irahiko o te rā e whiwhihia ana ki ētahi atu momo pūngao e ngāwari ana te ine, pērā i te wera me te hiko, me te iti rawa o te ngaronga. Mā tēnei tukanga whakawhiti, pērā i te "makutu" pūngao ngawari, ka taea e tātou te tirotiro ki ngā mea ngaro o te irahiko o te rā.
Mai i te tirohanga a ngā tohu hangarau, he tino pai te mahi a te pūoko hihi o te rā. Ko te rahi o te pūoko noa he 100mm te whānui, ā, ko te teitei katoa he 100mm. He whānui te whānuitanga o te whakamātautau, ka taea te tae ki te 0~2500W/m². Mō te aro, ka taea te tae ki te 7~14μV/ (W · m⁻²) ā, ko te ātete ā-roto he tata ki te 350Ω. Mō te wā urupare, he tere ake, ≤30 hēkona (99%) ka taea te hopu i ngā huringa hihi o te rā. Ka whakahaeretia te pumau me te hapa kore-raina i te ±2%, ka eke te taumata tika ki te 2%, ko te urupare cosine he ≤±7% ina ko te koki teitei o te rā he 10°, ko te whānuitanga āhuatanga pāmahana mahi he -20 °C ~+70 °C, ka taea e te putanga tohu te eke ki te 0~25mV (mēnā he tuku iahiko dl-2, ka taea hoki te whakaputa i te tohu paerewa 4~20mA). Mā ēnei tawhā mahi tino pai ka taea e te pūoko irahiko o te rā te whakaoti i te mahi ine me te pumau me te tika i roto i te taiao uaua me te rerekē haere.
Ko te kaha matua o te rere o te hau i roto i te āhuarangi, he āhuatanga taiao nui o te Ao, ko te hihi o te rā. E rua ngā huarahi e tae atu ai te hihi o te rā ki te mata o te Ao: ko tētahi ko te hihi tika o te rā, e tika ana te haere mā roto i te āhuarangi; ko tētahi ko te hihi marara o te rā, ko te tikanga ko te hihi e haere mai ana ka marara, ka whakaatahia rānei e te mata. E ai ki ngā rangahau, tata ki te 50% o te hihi poto o te rā ka mimitihia e te mata, ka hurihia hei hihi werawera whero. Ko te ine i te hihi tika o te rā tētahi o ngā "kawenga" nui o ngā pūoko hihi o te rā. Mā te ine tika i te hihi o te rā, ka taea e tātou te mārama ki te pūtake me te tohatoha o te pūngao o te Ao, ka whakarato i tētahi turanga raraunga pakari mō te rangahau me ngā tono i roto i ngā mara maha.
I roto i ngā mahi whaihua, he whānuitia te whakamahinga o ngā pūoko hihi o te rā i roto i ngā mara maha. I roto i te mara o te whakamahinga o te pūngao o te rā, he taputapu matua mō te aromatawai i te pūmanawa o ngā rauemi pūngao o te rā me te arotau i te hoahoa me te whakahaere o ngā pūnaha whakaputa hiko o te rā. Mā ngā raraunga e whakaratohia ana e ngā pūoko hihi o te rā, ka taea e ngā kaihangarau te aromatawai tika i te kaha o te hihi o te rā i ngā rohe rerekē me ngā wā rerekē, kia taea ai te whakamahere tika i te wāhi me te whakatakotoranga o ngā tipu hiko o te rā, me te whakapai ake i te whai huatanga me te pumau o te whakaputa hiko o te rā. Hei tauira, i roto i ētahi teihana hiko photovoltaic nui, ka tāutahia ngā pūoko hihi o te rā tino tika, ka taea te aroturuki i ngā huringa o te hihi o te rā i te wā tūturu me te whakatika i te Koki me te āhua mahi o ngā panera photovoltaic i te wā tika kia nui ake ai te hopu i te pūngao o te rā me te whakapai ake i te whai huatanga o te whakaputa hiko.
Kāore hoki e taea te wehewehe i te mara o te matawhenua mai i ngā pūoko irahiko o te rā. Mā te tātari i ngā raraunga irahiko o te rā, ka taea e ngā tohunga matawhenua te matapae tika ake i ngā huringa o te rangi me te ako i ngā au o te āhuarangi. Hei puna pūngao nui o te pūnaha āhuarangi o te Ao, he nui te awe o te irahiko o te rā ki te pāmahana o te āhuarangi, te haumākū, te pēhanga me ētahi atu āhuatanga matawhenua. Mā ngā raraunga tonu me te tika e whakaratohia ana e ngā pūoko irahiko o te rā ka āwhina i ngā kaipūtaiao ki te mārama hohonu ki ngā tukanga matawhenua me te whakapai ake i te tika me te pono o ngā matapae huarere. Hei tauira, i roto i ngā tauira matapae huarere tau, ko ngā raraunga irahiko o te rā tētahi o ngā tawhā whakauru nui, ā, ko tōna tika e pā tika ana ki te tika o te whakatauira a te tauira mō te whanaketanga o te pūnaha huarere.
I roto i te ao ahuwhenua, he mahi ahurei anō hoki tā ngā pūoko hihi o te rā. He hononga tata te tipu me te whanaketanga o ngā hua ki te hihi o te rā, ā, ko te kaha me te roa o te māramatanga e tika ana ngā āhuatanga matua mō te whakaahua me te kohikohi matūkai o ngā hua. Ka taea e ngā kairangahau ahuwhenua me ngā kaimahi pāmu te whakamahi i ngā pūoko hihi o te rā hei aroturuki i te māramatanga i te mara, kia rite ki ngā hiahia o te māramatanga i ngā wāhanga tipu rerekē o ngā hua, te mahi i ngā mahi whakatipu me te whakahaere e rite ana, pērā i te whakato matotoru, te whakatikatika i ngā kupenga whakamarumaru rā, me ētahi atu, hei whakatairanga i te tipu hauora o ngā hua, hei whakapai ake i te hua me te kounga o ngā hua ahuwhenua.
I roto i te koroheketanga o ngā rauemi hanga me te rangahau parahanga hau, he mea nui hoki ngā pūoko hihi o te rā. Ka taea e ngā wāhanga pēnei i ngā hihi ultraviolet i roto i te hihi o te rā te whakatere i te tukanga koroheketanga o ngā rauemi hanga. Mā te ine i te kaha me te tohatoha o te hihi o te rā, ka taea e ngā kairangahau te aromatawai i te pakari o ngā rauemi hanga rerekē i raro i te mahi a te hihi o te rā, me te whakarato i tētahi pūtake pūtaiao mō te whiriwhiri me te tiaki i ngā rauemi hanga. Hei tāpiri, ka taunekeneke te hihi o te rā me ngā poke i roto i te āhuarangi, ka pā ki ngā tukanga matū o te āhuarangi me te kounga o te hau. Ka taea e ngā raraunga mai i ngā pūoko hihi o te rā te āwhina i ngā kaipūtaiao ki te ako i te tikanga hanganga me te ture horapa o te parahanga hau, me te tautoko i te whakawhanaketanga o ngā mahi ārai me te whakahaere parahanga whai hua.
Hei tauira, i te Huihuinga Whakamahinga Pūngao Rā o te Ao 20 o Haina (Jinan) me te Whakaaturanga Taupānga Rokiroki Pūngao Hou me te Pūngao o Haina (Shandong) tuawhā i tū mai i te 5 ki te 7 o Poutū-te-rangi, i kawea mai e te Kamupene Qiyun Zhongtian ngā taputapu aroturuki tino tika mō te taiao photovoltaic me ngā otinga atamai tirohanga-katoa. I roto i ēnei, ko te pūnaha aroturuki irahiko rā whakauru marara tika katoa i whakarewahia e te kamupene ka taea te whakatutuki i te aroturuki whakauru o te irahiko katoa, te irahiko tika me te irahiko marara me te taputapu kotahi, ā, kua eke te tika o te ine ki te paerewa taumata ClassA, e kukume ana i te aro o te tini o ngā māngai o ngā kamupene pūngao, ā, kua tae te maha o ngā kamupene ki te whāinga mahi tahi. E whakaatu katoa ana tēnei take i te tono auaha me te pūmanawa mākete o te hangarau pūoko irahiko rā i roto i te umanga.
Tirohia te pūnaha aroturuki irahiko ā-rā aunoa, he taputapu whakaata irahiko ā-rā atamai tēnei e whakamahia ana mō te pūngao ā-rā, te rangahau pūtaiao āhuarangi, te aroturuki ahuwhenua me te taiao me ētahi atu mara. Ka whakamahia e ia te huinga o te tātari maha-irahiko me te thermopile, e kore e taea te ine tika i te pūngao irahiko i roto i ngā wā irahiko rerekē o te rā, engari ka ine hoki i te irahiko katoa, te irahiko marara me ētahi atu raraunga i te wā kotahi. He maha ngā mahi matatau o te pūnaha pēnei i te aroturuki raraunga irahiko, te taputapu hopu pūtaiao me te hangarau, te rokiroki raraunga ahokore, te whakahaere me te tiaki raraunga atamai, te aro ki te whakatikatika-whaiaro me te aroturuki ā-ao, e whakarato ana i te otinga pai mō te pūngao irahiko ā-rā mō te wā roa, ngā rauemi pūngao ā-rā me te aromatawai huarere i te mara.
Hei taputapu ine matua, kei te tautoko te pūoko hihi o te rā i te māramatanga o te tangata ki te rā, mā te whakamahi i te pūngao o te rā, me te ako i ngā huringa taiao o te whenua me tōna kaha ine tika me ngā mara tono whānui. I te haere tonu o te pūtaiao me te hangarau, e whakaponohia ana ka nui ake te mahi a ngā pūoko hihi o te rā i roto i ngā mara maha atu, ā, ka whai wāhi ki te whakatairanga i te whanaketanga pumau o te hapori. Kia titiro whakamua tātou ki te puāwaitanga o ngā pūoko hihi o te rā i ngā māramatanga pūtaiao me te hangarau kanapa a meake nei, hei āwhina i te tangata ki te tūhura i ngā wāhi kāore i te mōhiotia, me te waihanga i tētahi oranga pai ake.
Mō ētahi atu mōhiohio pūoko,
tēnā whakapā atu ki a Honde Technology Co., LTD.
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Wā tuku: Maehe-25-2025