Mita taumata kaha mō ngā mara raihi

Hei wāhi whakatō hua nui, he mea nui te whakamakuku me te whakahaere taumata wai o ngā māra raihi ki te kounga me te hua o te whakaputa raihi. I te whanaketanga o te ahuwhenua hou, kua noho te whakamahinga me te whakahaere pai o ngā rauemi wai hei mahi matua. Kua piki haere te rongonui o te mita taumata kaha hei whiringa pai mō te aroturuki i te taumata wai o ngā māra raihi nā te mea he tino tika, he pumau, he roa hoki. Ka matapakihia e tēnei tuhinga te mātāpono mahi, ngā painga o te whakamahinga, ngā take mahi me ngā tūmanako whanaketanga o te mita taumata kaha mō ngā māra raihi.

1. Te kaupapa mahi o te mita taumata capacitive
Ko te kaupapa mahi o te mita taumata capacitive e ahu mai ana i te huringa o te capacitance. Ina huri te taumata wai o te reo wai, ka pā te pūmau dielectric o te wai ki te capacitance o te capacitor, ā, ka tutuki te ine i te taumata wai. Ko ngā mahi motuhake e whai ake nei:

Hanganga pūnga: Ko te mita taumata pūnga he mea hanga ki ngā irahiko e rua, ko tētahi ko te ine, ko tētahi ko te waea whenua, ko te ipu tonu rānei.

Te huringa o te pūmau whakapūmau: Mā te huringa o te taumata wai ka huri te reo i waenga i ngā irahiko. Ina piki, ina heke rānei te taumata wai, ka huri te pūmau whakapūmau huri noa i te irahiko (pērā i te pūmau whakapūmau o te hau he 1, ā, ko te pūmau whakapūmau o te wai he tata ki te 80).

Te ine i te kaha: Ka aroturuki tonu te mita taumata i te huringa o te kaha puta noa i te ara iahiko, kātahi ka hurihia hei putanga tau o te taumata wai.

Putanga tohu: Ko te mita taumata ka tuku i te uara taumata wai i inehia ki te pūnaha whakahaere, ki te taputapu whakaatu rānei mā te tohu anaro (pēnei i te 4-20mA) mā te tohu matihiko rānei (pēnei i te RS485).

2. Ngā āhuatanga o te mita taumata kaha mō ngā mara raihi
Ko te hoahoa me te whakamahinga o te mita taumata kaha mō ngā māra raihi e whai whakaaro ana ki te āhua motuhake o te taiao māra raihi. Ko ōna āhuatanga e whakaatuhia ana i roto i ngā āhuatanga e whai ake nei:

Kaha te ātete-whakararuraru: He uaua te taiao i roto i te mara raihi, ā, ko te mita taumata capacitive te tikanga ka whakamahia ngā ara iahiko ātete-whakararuraru i te wā e hoahoa ana hei whakarite i te pumau teitei i raro i te haumākū me te huringa āhuarangi.

Te ine tika-teitei: Ka taea e te mita taumata capacitive te whakarato i te tika o te ine taumata wai taumata-mirimita, he mea e tika ana mō te whakahaere pai o te whakamakuku me ngā rauemi wai.

Ngā rauemi ātete-waikura: I ngā mara raihi, me ātete te mita taumata ki te waikura mai i te wai, te oneone me ētahi atu matū, nō reira he mea hanga te taputapu tātari ki ngā rauemi ātete-waikura (pēnei i te maitai kore waikura, te kirihou, me ētahi atu).

He māmā te tāuta me te tiaki: He māmā te hoahoa o te mita taumata capacitive, kāore e nui te wāhi e pau ana mō te tāutanga, ā, he tino māmā hoki te tiaki, he mea e tika ana mō te whakamahi i ngā wāhi tuawhenua.

Mahi aroturuki mamao: He maha ngā mita taumata kaha mō ngā mara raihi kua rite ki ngā waeine whakawhitiwhiti ahokore, ka taea te whakatutuki i te aroturuki mamao me te whakahaere raraunga, me te whakapai ake i te taumata mohio o te whakahaere whakamakuku.

3. Ngā painga o te whakamahinga o ngā mita taumata kaha mō ngā mara raihi
Te whakahaere rauemi wai: Mā te aroturuki i te taumata wai i ngā mara raihi i te wā tonu, ka taea e ngā kaimahi pāmu te aromatawai tika i ngā hiahia whakamakuku, te whakaiti i te para wai, me te whakapai ake i te whai huatanga o te whakamahinga wai.

Whakanuia ake ngā hua o te raihi: Mā te whakahaere pūtaiao i te taumata wai ka taea te whakatairanga i te tipu me te whanaketanga o te raihi, te whakarite kia rawaka te wai, me te karo i te whakahekenga o te whakaputanga i puta mai i te korenga o te wai, te kohi wai rānei.

Ahuwhenua atamai: Mā te whakakotahi i te hangarau pūoko me te Ipurangi o ngā Mea, ka taea te whakauru i ngā mita taumata kaha ki roto i te pūnaha whakahaere ahuwhenua whānui hei hanga i tētahi otinga whakamakuku atamai, hei whakatutuki hoki i te ahuwhenua tika.

Te whakatau kaupapa e tautokona ana e ngā raraunga: Mā te aroturukitanga me te tātaritanga roa o ngā raraunga taumata wai, ka taea e ngā kaimahi pāmu me ngā kaiwhakahaere ahuwhenua te whakatau kaupapa pūtaiao ake, te arotau i ngā tikanga me te wā ahuwhenua, me te whakapai ake i te taumata whakahaere ahuwhenua whānui.

4. Ngā take tūturu
Take 1: Te whakahaere i te taumata wai i roto i te mara raihi i Vietnam
I tētahi mara raihi i Whitināmu, ko te tikanga, ka whakawhirinaki ngā kaimahi pāmu ki ngā tirotiro taumata wai ā-ringa mō te whakamakuku. Kāore e whai hua tēnei tikanga, ā, he ngāwari ki te hapa nā te whakaaro takitahi. Hei whakapai ake i te whai huatanga o te whakamahinga rauemi wai, i whakatau ngā kaimahi pāmu ki te whakauru i ngā mita taumata capacitive hei taputapu aroturuki taumata wai.

Whai muri i te tāutanga o te mita taumata kaha, ka taea e ngā kaimahi pāmu te aroturuki i te taumata wai o te mara raihi i te wā tūturu, me te tiki raraunga taumata wai i ngā wā katoa mā te hononga ahokore ki ngā waea pūkoro me ngā rorohiko. Ina iti iho te taumata wai i te uara kua whakaritea, ka whakamahara aunoa te pūnaha i ngā kaimahi pāmu ki te whakamakuku. Mā tēnei otinga atamai, kua tino whakaitihia e ngā kaimahi pāmu te para wai, ā, kua piki ake te whakaputa raihi mā te 10%.

Take 2: Pūnaha whakamakuku atamai mō ngā mara raihi i Myanmar
I whakauruhia e tētahi pāmu nui i Myanmar tētahi mita taumata kaha, ā, i honoa ki ētahi atu pūoko hei hanga i tētahi pūnaha whakahaere whakamakuku atamai. Ka whakarerekē aunoa tēnei pūnaha i te nui o te wai whakamakuku mā te aroturuki tika i ngā raraunga pēnei i te taumata wai, te makuku oneone me te pāmahana.

I roto i te kaupapa whakamātautau o te pāmu, i kitea e te mita taumata kaha te pikinga o te pāmahana me te hekenga o te makuku oneone, ā, ka tīmata aunoa te pūnaha i te whakamakuku kia tino whiwhi ai ngā mara raihi i te wai e tika ana i te wā maroke. Nā te mea i pērā ai, i whakapotoa te huringa tipu o te raihi, i angitu te whakatutuki i ngā momo maha i te wā kotahi, ā, i piki ake te hua katoa o te pāmu mā te 15%.

Take 3: Pūtake whakatipu raihi i Initonīhia
I roto i tētahi turanga whakatipu raihi i Initonīhia, hei whakarite i te pumau o te taumata wai i te wā whakatipu, i whakauruhia e te kaiwhakahaere he mita taumata kaha. Ka aroturuki tonu te turanga i te taumata wai, ka whakakotahi i ngā taputapu me te pūnaha tātari raraunga nui, ā, ka whakarerekē tonu i te paerewa taumata wai.

Mā roto i ngā raraunga tūturu, i kitea e ngā kaiwhakahaere he pānga te iti rawa o te wai ki te oranga o ngā tipu, engari ka pāngia e te nui rawa o te wai te mate me ngā pepeke. I muri i ētahi marama o te whakatikatika me te arotau, i tutuki pai te whakahaere i te taumata wai, ā, i piki ake te angitu o te whakatipu tipu mā te 20%, ā, i whiwhi urupare pai mai i te mākete.

5. Ngā tūmanakohanga whanaketanga
I te whanaketanga tonu o te hangarau ahuwhenua, he whānui ngā tūmanakohanga mō te whakamahinga o ngā mita taumata kaha mō ngā mara raihi. Ko te ahunga whanaketanga ā muri ake nei e whakaatahia ana i roto i ngā āhuatanga e whai ake nei:
Whakaurunga atamai: Whakauruhia ngā mita taumata kaha ki ētahi atu pūoko (pēnei i ngā pūoko pāmahana me te haumākū, ngā pūoko makuku oneone, me ētahi atu) ki roto i tētahi tūāpapa whakahaere ahuwhenua atamai hei whakatutuki i te aroturukitanga me te whakahaere whānui ake.

Hangarau whakawhitiwhiti ahokore: I te whanaketanga o te hangarau Ipurangi o ngā Mea, ka whānui ake te whakamahi a ngā mita taumata i te hangarau whakawhitiwhiti ahokore hei whakahaere i te tāutanga, hei whakapai ake i te pai o te tuku raraunga, me te whakatutuki i te aroturukitanga mamao.

Te tātari raraunga me te whakamahinga: Mā roto i ngā hangarau matatau pēnei i te raraunga nui me te mātauranga horihori, ka keria te hiranga o ngā raraunga ine taumata wai hei tautoko i ngā whakataunga whakaputa ahuwhenua.

Te auahatanga hangarau tonu: Me whakawhanake tonu ngā kaihanga i ngā rauemi hou me ngā hangarau hou hei whakapai ake i te kaha ārai-whakararuraru, te roa o te ora me te tika o ngā mita taumata capacitive kia tutuki ai ngā hiahia o ngā taiao me ngā kaiwhakamahi rerekē.

Whakamutunga
He mea nui haere te mahi a te mita taumata ā-pūmau mō ngā mara pāti i roto i ngā mahi ahuwhenua o ēnei rā. Ko tōna whakamahinga i roto i te aroturukitanga taumata wai, ehara i te mea ka whakapai ake i te whai huatanga o ngā rauemi wai anake, engari ka tautoko hoki i te mahi ahuwhenua tika. I te whanaketanga o te pūtaiao me te hangarau me te whanaketanga o te ao ahuwhenua hou, ka mau tonu ngā painga motuhake o ngā mita taumata ā-pūmau hei āwhina i te whanaketanga pumau o te whakaputa raihi me te whakanui ake i te whakaputa me te moni whiwhi a ngā kaimahi pāmu.